Two lethal toxins were isolated from Trimeresurus wagleri venom by fast protein liquid chromatography (molecular sieve) and high performance liquid chromatography (reverse phase). The toxins (termed peptide I and II) had mol. wt of 2504 and 2530, respectively, pIs of 9.6-9.9 and lacked phospholipase A, proteolytic, and hemolytic activity. Lethal peptide I had a murine i.p. LD50 of 0.369 mg/kg, ...

Attempts were made to establish an authentic method for assay of the antilethal potency of Habu antivenine. In spite of its wide use the expression of the antivenine potency in •ganimal nimal unit•h is not reasonable. The expression of the antivenine potency as the relative potency is not valid either so far as a crude venom is used as test toxin, since the neutralization curves of various anti...

Platelet aggregation inhibitory effect and anticoagulant properties of fractions separated from the venoms of Cerastes persicus fieldi and Echis carinatus were investigated. The partial fractionation was performed on a Sephadex G-100 column. Two fractions separated from Cerastes persicus fieldi showed anti platelet aggregation activity on ADP (200 µM)-induced platelet aggregation (ca 80% inhibi...

The venom of Pakistan species of snakes (Naja naja, Vipera russelli and Echis carinatus) and lethal fractions of Cobra (Naja naja) venom were converted to toxoid with formalin. Detoxification of the crude venoms and toxic fraction was attained by addition of formalin in several steps and incubation at 37°C maintaining the pH 7.0. Relationship of formalin concentration and incubation period was ...

The spider Macrothele raveni was recently identified as a new species of Genus Macrothele. The crude venom from M. raveni was found to be neurotoxic to mice and the LD(50) of the crude venom in mice was 2.852mg/kg. Two neurotoxic peptides, raventoxin-I and raventoxin-III, were isolated from the crude venom by ion-exchange and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Raventoxin-I wa...

This study describes biochemical and biological properties of Naja kaouthia (Indian monocled cobra) venom of North-East India. The LD50 of the crude venom was found to be 0.148mg/kg and neurotoxicitic symptoms like paralysis of lower limbs and heavy difficulty in breathing at sub-lethal dose in mice was observed. The venom exhibited PLA2, indirect hemolytic and myotoxic activities but showed we...

Introduction: Scorpion venoms contain a variety of peptides, toxic to mammals، insects and crustaceans and are the main factors in scorpion venom toxicity (their amount being 1-3% of total venom). Most of the scorpion toxins have been isolated from the venoms of scorpions in the Buthidae family. The scorpion Buthotus Schach of this family is widely found in the western regions of Iran, but no p...

In Venezuela, Bothrops snakes are responsible for more than 80% of all recorded snakebites. This study focuses on the biological and hemostatic characteristics of Bothrops isabelae venom along with its comparative characteristics with two other closely related Bothrops venoms, Bothrops atrox and Bothrops colombiensis. Electrophoretic profiles of crude B. isabelae venom showed protein bands betw...

scorpion venoms contain of variety of peptides toxic to mammals ، insects and crustaceans. toxic peptides are the main factors in scorpion venom causing toxicity, (their amount being 1-3%of total venom.). most of the scorpion toxins have been isolated from the venoms of scorpions in the family buthidae. the scorpion buthotus schach belonging to the buthidae family is widely found in the western...