We show that recent γ-ray observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud with EGRET rule out a universal cosmic ray flux only at energies below ≈ 10 GeV, while the observed diffuse X-ray and γ-ray background radiations have already ruled out, by more than three orders of magnitude, a universal extragalactic cosmic ray flux identical to that observed in the local solar neighborhood at energies below...

The isotropic component of the γ-ray flux between 100MeV and 100EeV (10 eV) contains important information about the origin of highest energy cosmic rays and the extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). Using numerical simulations of extragalactic cosmic and γ-ray propagation we show that an average fraction of ≃ 10% γ-rays in the total cosmic ray flux around 10EeV would imply both a non-accelerati...

Evidence for the possible existence of a strong flux of low-energy (< 10 MeV) cosmic ray electrons in the Galaxy has been recently established by GINGA, OSSE and COMPTEL observations of the diffuse galactic gamma ray continuum emission down to photon energies below 50 keV. We explain the implied presence of many low-energy cosmic ray electrons with the existence of interstellar in-situ reaccele...

Cosmic ray causes hazards to microelectronic circuits. Presence of charged particles in the atmosphere was first noticed by Coloumb in 1785. But cosmic ray was discovered by Victor Hess in 1912. However new era of particle physics was started with the invention of neutron monitor in 1948 by John A. Simpson. New information regarding the energy spectrum, anisotropy, latitudinal, longitudinal and...

We present results of twoand three-dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations of magnetic-turbulence production by isotropic cosmic-ray ions drifting upstream of supernova remnant shocks. The studies aim at testing recent predictions of a strong amplification of short-wavelength non-resonant wave modes and at studying the subsequent evolution of the magnetic turbulence and its backreaction on cos...

Cosmic ray astronomy attempts to identify and study the sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. It is unique in its reliance on charged particles as the information carriers. While no discrete source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays has been identified so far, a new generation of detectors is acquiring the huge exposure that is needed at the highest energies, where deflection by magnetic fields...

Aims. A model to describe cosmic ray spectra in the energy region from 10 11 up to 10 17 eV is suggested. It bases on the preposition that Galactic cosmic ray flux is a mixture of fluxes, accelerated by shocks from nova and supernova explosions of different types. Methods. We analyze recent experimental data on cosmic ray spectra obtained in direct measurements above the atmosphere and data obt...

Analyses of the X-ray data of the five young shell-type supernova remnants Cas A, Kepler, Tycho, SN 1006, and RCW 86 suggest that some of the X-ray emission of these sources is non-thermal. This non-thermal emission is qualitatively consistent with models of the broad-band (radio-to-X-ray) synchrotron spectra of remnants and does not seem to be consistent with other non-thermal X-ray emission p...

We consider the production of a ``fast flux'' hypothetical millicharged particles (mCPs) in interstellar medium. two possible sources induced by cosmic rays: (a) $pp\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(\mathrm{meson})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}(\mathrm{mCP})$, which adds to atmospheric mCPs, and (b) cosmic-ray upscattering on component dark matter. notice that galactic magnetic fields...

We apply a wind model, driven by combined cosmic-ray and thermal-gas pressure, to the Milky Way, and show that the observed Galactic diffuse soft X-ray emission can be better explained by a wind than by previous static gas models. We find that cosmic-ray pressure is essential to driving the observed wind. Having thus defined a “best-fit” model for a Galactic wind, we explore variations in the b...