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Sensory processing is dependent upon behavioral state. In mice, locomotion is accompanied by changes in cortical state and enhanced visual responses. Although recent studies have begun to elucidate intrinsic cortical mechanisms underlying this effect, the neural circuits that initially couple locomotion to cortical processing are unknown. The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) has been shown ...

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The arterial baroreceptors constitute an essential sensory link for the short-term regulation of blood pressure and may also influence higher cortical function. The present study was undertaken to evaluate previous reports of such a cortical influence under conditions of psychologically controlled, mechanical baroreceptor stimulation. This control was achieved by use of PRES (phase-related exte...

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) receives input from sensory neocortical regions and sends projections to the basal forebrain (BF). The present study tested the possibility that pathways from sensory cortical regions via the PFC-BF and from the BF back to specific sensory cortical areas could modulate sensory responses. Two prefrontal areas that responded to stimulation of the primary somatosensory ...

Improving functional recovery following cerebral strokes in humans will likely involve augmenting brain plasticity. This study examined skilled forelimb behavior, neocortical evoked potentials, and movement thresholds to assess cortical electrical stimulation concurrent with rehabilitative forelimb usage following a focal ischemic insult. Adult rats were trained on a task that required skilled ...

Abstract Cortical maps, which are indicative of cognitive status, shaped by the organism’s experience. Previous mapping tools, such as penetrating electrodes and imaging techniques, limited in their ability to be used assess high-resolution brain maps largely owing invasiveness poor spatiotemporal resolution, respectively. In this study, we developed a flexible graphene-based multichannel elect...

A single pulse of transcranial magnetic stimulation has been shown to be effective for the acute treatment of migraine with and without aura. Here we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of transcranial magnetic stimulation, using a transcortical approach, in preclinical migraine models. We tested the susceptibility of cortical spreading depression, the experimental correlate...

OBJECTIVE To examine the neuromodulatory effect of whole-hand mesh-glove (MG) stimulation on motor cortical pathways, we explored motor cortical excitability before and after suprathreshold whole-hand MG stimulation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS Twenty-eight healthy volunteers (14 controls) were studied at baseline, immediately post and 1h post-MG stimulation for 30 m...

This study discusses the various procedures and issues involved in acquisition of microelectrode recordings (MER) signals subthalamic nucleus stimulations with induced deep brain stimulation electrodes very rigorously. Bellicose-invasive physiological detections through methods sub cortical physio logical detections, electrical micro electrode recordings, stereo-tactic technique, macro-stimulat...