The results of a metallographic study of grey cast iron water pipes are reported. These pipes had been installed between 1885 and 1973 in eight different water systems. Each pipe had been extracted during scheduled maintenance or failure repairs to provide data for a larger study to produce a methodology for determining the residual life of grey cast iron pipes. This metallographic study was co...

objectives: the aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of topical fluoride on surface of cast titanium and nickel-chromium. materials and methods: thirty-nine rectangular specimens of titanium (grade 2) and 39 rectangular specimens of nickel-chromium were cast in equal dimensions and divided into three groups of 13 samples each. group one specimens of titanium and nickel-chromium...

The quaternary Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta (TNZT) alloy was successfully cast-fabricated with the objective to be used in medical field. Samples’ microstructure compared CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V (control samples) related corrosion, ion release biological properties. As-cast TNZT formed large β grain sizes (285 µm) ultrafine α of (11 + 1.45 µm 0.74 µm. Hardness flexural elastic moduli (94 HV 43 GPa) came close struc...

Uterine lymphatics were examined in 38 pigs using light microscopy, stereomicroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Uterine lymphatics were initially filled with plastic materials: Microfil for stereomicroscopy, Mercox-corrosion cast for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Micropaque for x-ray photographs. Lymph precollectors of the uterine horns formed two superficial layers, ventral a...

Chlorinated rubber, the addition and substitution reaction product of natural rubber and chlorine gas, is knOWn for its low Water vapor permeability, good chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, and flame retardant properties.' Consequently, it is used as a coating component in a.variety of coating applications including marine coatings, swimming pool coatings, and corro...

Aluminide coatings have been studied for many years because of their excellent corrosion resistance in oxidizing, sulfidizing and carburizing environments. One of the factors that inhibits their application is a lack of sufficient data about their potential benefits. In order to address this issue, model coatings are being fabricated using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD process on ferritic (F...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional capacity of the liver based on the activity of specific enzymes and bilirubin in serum and also to investigate the influence of mechanical and toxic effects of Fasciola hepatica on the structures of the blood vessels and biliary tract in the sheep liver. METHODS Blood samples and liver of 63 indigenous sheep of Pramenka breed, sl...

Steel reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures such as bridges, industrial plants, marine structures, and coastal buildings is a growing concern due to its impact on cost, safety, serviceability. Corrosion leads spalling, cracking, reduced diameter, which can compromise structural integrity. This study examines the behavior of columns with corroded two phases. In first phase, 72 150 × mm ...

Throughout many parts of the world, cast iron pipe has been and continues to be used for utility piping (water sewage) gaseous media piping. Gray is known have a limited life in service but often left place beyond its reasonable life. Therefore, end then defined as rupture or crack subsequent leak, at an unpleasant time with results. The controlling mechanism involved dependent graphitic corros...