the knowledge of rhetoric has ever been in common, among all the knowledge of humankind during the history, throughout which, all nations have paid attention to it. a part from being in common, the knowledge of rhetoric, in the countries, in which ‘islam’ have been the official religion has gloried very remarkably. relying upon the testimony of ups and downs of the history ,the  iranian moslem ...

In his The Rhetoric of Reaction, Albert Hirschman (1991) argues that each major advance in the development of citizenship in Western democracies has provoked three common forms of reactionary rhetoric by opponents of reform which, in turn, have been met by their three “progressive counterparts” advanced by advocates of reform. In this short note, we apply Hirschman’s taxonomies of rhetoric to t...

We describe witness-narrator agents, a framework for collaborative narrative generation in persistent virtual environments such as massively multiplayer online role playing games (MMORPGs). Witness-narrator agents allow reports of events in the environment to be published to external audiences so that they can keep up with events within the game world (e.g., via a weblog or SMS messages), or fe...

Two studies tested whether observers could differentiate between two facets of pride— authentic and hubristic—on the basis of a single prototypical pride nonverbal expression combined with relevant contextual information. In Study 1, participants viewed targets displaying posed pride expressions in response to success, while causal attributions for the success (target’s effort vs. ability) and ...

This paper describes the design and development of an interactive narrative for the ‘Experimenta Vanishing Point’ media arts exhibition in 2005. The Cocktail Party Effect tells the story of the imminent extinction of Great Apes in the wild using touch and sound in the absence of visual elements. The narrative is driven by haptic-audio exploration of a virtual cocktail glass which functions as a...

“A Bosom Friend,” Chapter 10 of Moby-Dick, concludes with a literary travesty on the Golden Rule, norm obligation to others as self. If God’s will is that we treat our neighbors ourselves, and if narrator, Ishmael, desires his neighbor Queequeg join him in Presbyterian worship, then he must new friend’s devotion god, Yojo: “ergo, I turn idolator.” This after Ishmael has heard Father Mapple’s se...

A B S T R AC T This article deals with a transition process from a professional engineering archetype to a modernizing managerialist archetype in a British electricity utility. This took place in the context of the substantially changing utility sector characterized by privatization, the introduction of efficiency targets, the introduction of a regulatory system, the prospect of mergers and pre...