results high-ranking officials in our study had less work experience in their current jobs and smoked fewer pack-years of cigarette, but they had higher waist and hip circumference, higher triglyceride level, more stress from role overload and responsibility, and higher total stress score. our group of office workers had more occupational stress because of role ambiguity and insufficiency, but ...

background: prehypertension frequently progresses into hypertension and is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. we studied the prevalence of prehypertension and their determinants by gender and age. methods: the study used nationally representative data from 11,754 participants aged 20–91 years collected between 2010–2012 korea national health and nutrition examination survey...

introduction: pharyngocutaneous fistula (pcf) is the most common complication after total laryngectomy. its incidence is extremely variable, with values ranging from 3% and 65%. the management of this problem considerably increases the length and the cost of hospitalization.  the aim of this study is to analyze the incidence, predisposing factors, and outcome of pcf in patients undergoing total...

background: the data and determinants of mortality due to stroke in myocardial infarction (mi) patients are unknown. this study was conducted to evaluate the differences in risk factors for hospital mortality among mi patients with and without stroke history.materials and methods: this study was a retrospective, cohort study; 20,750 new patients with mi from april, 2012 to march, 2013 were foll...

context studies on experimental animals have shown liver is a common target of chemical carcinogens; this might suggest that occupational exposure to chemicals is another risk factor for hcc. however, the relationship between occupation and liver cancer has not been extensively studied, with the exception of the known association between vinyl chloride and angiosarcoma of the liver. evidence ac...

introduction: obesity is common in patients with cardiovascular disease (cvd) and the vast majority of patients entering into cardiac rehabilitation program (crp) are obese. regarding the gender differences, the risk of developing coronary heart disease (chd) is recognized to be different between obese men and women. so, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of crp in functional c...

background: there are many risk factors besides age and immune suppression for herpes zoster. family history as a risk factor is suggested in some recent studies. the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between herpes zoster and family history. methods: this case-control study was undertaken in farshchian hospital, hamadan, iran. “case group” included patients with confirmed diagn...

background and aims: nowadays, orofacial clefts are known as the most common orofacial birth defects. several factors are responsible for problem, such as environmental factors, genetic background, nutritional deficiencies such as vitamins, zinc, iron, maternal diseases, exposure to teratogenicagents, smoking, drugs, organic solvents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the of risk factors fr...