Recent activities in the field of time and frequency metrology pursued at PTB are reviewed. Quasi-continuous operation of the cesium fountain frequency standard CSF1 enabled us to assess the performance of the older primary clocks CS1 and CS2 much better than previously possible. On average, the CSF1 and CS2 frequencies deviated by less than 5 parts in 10 during more than 2 years, which is well...

Background and Objective: Regular exercise along with calorie intake promotes mitochondrial function by promoting healthy mitochondrial regeneration. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of four weeksof continuous aerobic training and starvation on the gene expression of pink1 and bnibp3 (liver mitophagy) in Wistar fat rats. Materials and Methods: The present study used a...

During transition from rest to exercise, metabolic reaction rates increase substantially to sustain intracellular ATP use. These metabolic demands activate several kinases that initiate signal transduction pathways which modulate transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether metabolic fluctuations per se affect the signaling cascades ...

PURPOSE Atherosclerosis is initiated in childhood. Therefore, reducing postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations ([TAG]), even in young people, could potentially slow atherogenic progression. This study investigated whether continuous-exercise and intermittent-games activity would reduce postprandial [TAG] in adolescent boys. METHODS Nineteen subjects were randomly assigned to either a cont...

Background The haemodynamic response to exercise is an important health marker. Phase contrast MR (PCMR) is an accurate method of assessing cardiac output and novel realtime sequences allow assessment of flow during exercise. However, such sequences often have time-consuming reconstruction algorithms, which prevent continuous cardiac output monitoring during exercise. Graphical processing units...

We previously demonstrated that endothelin (ET)-mediated coronary vasoconstriction wanes with increasing exercise intensity via a nitric oxide- and prostacyclin-dependent mechanism (Ref. 23). Therefore, we hypothesized that the waning of ET coronary vasoconstriction during exercise is the result of decreased production of ET and/or decreased ET receptor sensitivity. We investigated coronary ET ...

conclusions the applied therapy adaptation before and after exercises was adequate to avoid hypoglycemia while using an ultra-long-acting insulin. objectives the aim of this experimental, cross-sectional study was to investigate exercise intensity-dependent, short-acting insulin reductions to avoid hypoglycemia, applying standardized exercises using insulin degludec (®tresiba/novo nordisk, denm...

It is well documented that interval (INT) and continuous (CONT) exercise result in different patterns of blood flow and heat exchange in both heat 8 and cold. 9 Exercise can improve finger temperature 10, 11 and manual dexterity 12, 13 in the cold, but the type of exercise (interval vs. continuous cycling, matched for energy expenditure) has never been evaluated under this paradigm. Thus, we so...