The miombo woodlands of southern Africa are one of the most extensively burned biomes in the tropics. The detectability of understory burns in these woodlands was assessed with a sensitivity analysis approach, based on a hybrid geometrical–optical radiative transfer model. Model input data were obtained from a variety of sources, including field biometry and spectroradiometry, and satellite dat...

Short-term adjustments of signal characteristics allow animals to maintain reliable communication in noise. Noise-dependent vocal plasticity often involves simultaneous changes in multiple parameters. Here, we quantified for the first time the relative contributions of signal amplitude, duration, and redundancy for improving signal detectability in noise. To this end, we used a combination of b...

In digital mammograms, granularity is an important image property for the detection of microcalcifications and masses. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the conditions of various exposure doses and the detectability of RMI156 phantom images with and without image processing for the reduction of exposure dose. The images are processed with Gaussian filter and unsharp-masking fi...

Prompt and reliable detection of acute intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is critical to treatment of a number of neurological disorders. Cone-beam CT (CBCT) systems are potentially suitable for detecting ICH (contrast 40-80 HU, size down to 1 mm) at the point of care but face major challenges in image quality requirements. Statistical reconstruction demonstrates improved noise-resolution tradeoffs ...

By acquiring information over a wide area regardless of weather conditions and solar illumination, space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has the potential to be a promising application for traffic monitoring. However, the backscatter character of a vehicle in a SAR image is unstable and varies with image parameters, such as aspect and incidence angle. To investigate vehicle detectability i...

The function of a large percentage of proteins is modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). Currently, mass spectrometry (MS) is the only proteome-wide technology that can identify PTMs. Unfortunately, the inability to detect a PTM by MS is not proof that the modification is not present. The detectability of peptides varies significantly making MS potentially blind to a large fracti...

Detectability is a state-estimation property asking whether the current and subsequent states of system can be determined based on observations. To exactly determine may be, however, too strict in some applications. Therefore, Shu Lin relaxed detectability to D-detectability distinguishing only certain pairs rather than all states. Four variants were defined: strong (periodic) weak D-detectabil...

We give an intrinsic algebraic definition of fault detectability and isolability, parity equations, and residuals for time-invariant linear systems. The applicability and efficiency of our approach are illustrated by numerical simulations for three academic examples and a concrete case-study. Keywords— Linear system, fault diagnosis, detectability, isolation, parity equations, residuals, module...

We investigate the detectability thresholds of various modular structures in the stochastic block model. Our analysis reveals how the detectability threshold is related to the details of the modular pattern, including the hierarchy of the clusters. We show that certain planted structures are impossible to infer regardless of their fuzziness.

Accurate counts of animals are critical for prioritizing conservation efforts. Past research, however, suggests that observers on aerial surveys may fail to detect all individuals of the target species present in the survey area. Such errors could bias population estimates low and confound trend estimation. We used two approaches to assess the accuracy of aerial surveys for African savanna elep...