introduction: careful planning on health care may prevent the spread of disease and reduce the expense for treatment. regarding the importance of health care in the clinical centers including physiotherapy clinics, this study was designed to investigate the rate of bacterial contamination of electrotherapy’s pads which use in the physiotherapy clinics of semnan university of medical sciences (i...

Recent research has shown that obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) differ remarkably among patients and can be divided into several symptom dimensions. OCS are influenced by genetic components, but it is unknown to what extent these symptom dimensions are heritable. The phenotypic heterogeneity also raises the question to what extent the symptom dimensions are influenced by specific or shared g...

This paper summarizes parenteral drug contamination case studies presented at industry conferences and a Food and Drug Administration advisory committee meeting in the period of 2000-2004. CGMP deficiencies associated with each contamination event are discussed. The key role of a well-functioning quality system in contamination prevention is emphasized.

Contamination fear has always been considered a homogeneous symptom dimension. Compensatory behaviors (e.g., washing) are considered attempts to remove the contagion and to protect the individual from threats of illness; however, they may also be motivated by feelings of distress that are unrelated to any perceived harmful outcome, such as the feeling of disgust. Our hypothesis was that OCD pat...

BACKGROUND Current priorities for diarrhoeal disease prevention include use of sanitation and safe water. There have been few attempts to quantify the importance of animal faeces in drinking-water contamination, despite the presence of potentially water-borne zoonotic pathogens in animal faeces. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to quantify the relationship between livestock ownership and point-of-...

Many chemical, physiological, and trophic factors are known to affect bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in biota. Understanding the primary factors affecting fish contamination is critical for predicting and assessing risks to upper-trophic level consumers, including humans. Here we identify PCB contamination pathways that could explain within- and between-species variability ...