This article describes prospective population policies and programs that may be implemented in the Pacific Island Countries during the post-International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) era (i.e., by the year 2005, the target date of the ICPD Program of Action). Some of the positive indicators in the Pacific Islands are a high annual average income level, high average life ...

Animal’s rhythmic movements such as locomotion are considered to be controlled by neural circuits called central pattern generators (CPGs). This article presents a reinforcement learning (RL) method for a CPG controller, which is inspired by the control mechanism of animals. Because the CPG controller is an instance of recurrent neural networks, a naive application of RL involves difficulties. ...

There is an urgent need to produce a vaccine for Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Here, using the muridarum major outer membrane protein (MOMP) as antigen, four adjuvant combinations IVAX-1 (MPLA+CpG-1018+AddaVax), IVAX-2 (MPLA+CpG-1018+AS03), CpG-1826+Montanide ISA 720 VG (CpG-1826+Mont) and CpG-1018+Montanide (CpG-1018+Mont), were tested their local reactogenicity ability elicit protection i...

Let denote the average degree, and Æ denote the minimum degree of a graph. An edge is light if both its endpoints have degree bounded by a constant depending only on and Æ. A graph is degree-constrained if < 2Æ. The primary result of this paper is that every degree-constrained graph has a light edge. Most previous results in this direction have been for embedded graphs. This result is extended ...

The EMU accession countries are obliged to fulfill the Maastricht convergence criteria prior to entering the EMU. What should be the optimal monetary policy satisfying these criteria? To answer this question, the paper proposes a DSGE model of a two-sector small open economy. First, I derive the micro founded loss function that represents the objective function of the optimal monetary policy no...

In many segmentation applications, data objects are often clustered based purely on attribute-level similarities. This practice has neglected the useful information that resides in the link structure among data objects and the valuable expert domain knowledge about the desirable cluster assignment. Link structure can carry worthy information about the similarity between data objects (e.g. citat...

We study the asymptotics of large simple graphs constrained by the limiting density of edges and the limiting subgraph density of an arbitrary fixed graph H. We prove that, for all but finitely many values of the edge density, if the density of H is constrained to be slightly higher than that for the corresponding Erdős-Rényi graph, the typical large graph is bipodal with parameters varying ana...

Animal’s rhythmic movements such as locomotion are considered to be controlled by neural circuits called central pattern generators (CPGs). This article presents a reinforcement learning (RL) method for a CPG controller, which is inspired by the control mechanism of animals. Because the CPG controller is an instance of recurrent neural networks, a naive application of RL involves difficulties. ...

Objective(s) Several antigens, adjuvants and delivery systems have been evaluated for induction of protective immune responses against Leishmaniasis, but most of them have been inefficient. In this study, PLGA nanospheres as antigen delivery system CpG-ODN as an immunoadjuvant for increasing the immune responses against Autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) were prepared and characterized. Materi...