Living with fire is a challenge for human communities because they are influenced by socio-economic, political, ecological and climatic processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Over the course of 2 days, the authors discussed how communities could live with fire challenges at local, national and transnational scales. Exploiting our diverse, international and interdisciplinary expertise...

INTRODUCTION Cholera, an infectious diarrheal disease, has been shown to be associated with large scale hydroclimatic processes. The sudden and sporadic occurrence of epidemic cholera is linked with high mortality rates, in part, due to uncertainty in timing and location of outbreaks. Improved understanding of the relationship between pathogenic abundance and climatic processes allows predictio...

Sensitivity analysis to determine variations in evapotranspiration is much important considering a known variation in one of climatic variables. In this study, sensitivity of evapotranspiration from Penmann-Mantith, Penmann-Kimberly (1996), Penman-Kimberly (1972) and Penmann (1984)  and Hargrivs (1985) approaches to three climatic variations (maximum temperature, wind speed, solar radiation) wa...

This paper reviews multilevel and conventional models for the analysis of ecologic (group, aggregate) data. It emphasizes the non-separability of contextual (group-level) effects and individual-level effects that arises from the multilevel structure of the underlying effects. Contrary to common misperceptions, this problem afflicts ecologic studies in which the sole objective is to estimate con...

This paper reviews some methodological aspects of ecologic studies of human health, with emphasis on investigations of environmental quality. A recent census of Canadian and U.S. data sets potentially suitable for this type of study is summarized. It is concluded that despite the considerable utility of the ecologic design for this purpose, substantial practical difficulties are common in their...

Container-based lightweight buildings offer a high ecologic and economic potential when they are designed as nearly zero-energy container (NZECBs). Thus, relevant to energy transition in achieving an almost climate-neutral building stock. This paper describes applies design strategies for suitable concepts systems be used NZECBs different climates. Therefore, applications representative climati...