BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of survivors of preterm birth are growing into adulthood today. Long-term health-effects of prematurity are still poorly understood, but include increased risk for diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases in adult life. To test if reduced physical fitness may be a link in the causal chain of preterm birth and diseases in later life, the association of preterm ...

Introduction. Today Continuous Medical Education is under consideration for graduated medical students as a necessity in today's world and has had its importance about one decade in our country (IRAN) . Methods. Recognition of opinions in various occupational actions of post graduated persons is very important in attention for reevaluation the program of continuous teaching in post graduated...

BACKGROUND Research has consistently found lower cognitive ability to be related to increased risk for violent and other antisocial behaviour. Since this association has remained when adjusting for childhood socioeconomic position, ethnicity, and parental characteristics, it is often assumed to be causal, potentially mediated through school adjustment problems and conduct disorder. Socioeconomi...

It is always difficult to write about individuals who are close to you and who forged you in your formative years. In August 2014, Mr. John A. Fixsen, MChir, FRCS, Consultant Emeritus in Paediatric Orthopaedics at The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, and Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon Emeritus at St Bartholomew? s Hospital, London, died in his sleep. I knew of M...

Purpose Transgenerational determinants of longevity are poorly understood. We used data from four linked generations (G0, G1, G2 and G3) of the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigeneration Study to address this issue. Methods Mortality in G1 (N = 9565) was followed from 1961-2015 and analysed in relation to tertiles of their parents' (G0) age-at-death using Cox regression. Parental social class and m...

NOR-1/NR4A3 is an "orphan member" of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. NOR-1 and its close relatives Nurr1 and Nur77 are members of the NR4A subgroup of nuclear receptors. Members of the NR4A subgroup are induced through multiple signal transduction pathways. They have been implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, T-cell apoptosis, chondrosarcomas, neurological disorders, infl...

BACKGROUND There is still much to learn about the explanation for the often-found negative association between sibship size and different child outcomes. A plausible explanation is resource competition between siblings in larger families, as suggested by the resource dilution hypothesis. OBJECTIVE This study contributes to our understanding of these mechanisms by investigating the association b...

Various lines of evidence suggest an association between cannabis and psychosis. Five years ago, the only significant case-control study addressing this question was the Swedish Conscript Cohort. Within the last few years, other studies have emerged, allowing the evidence for cannabis as a risk factor to be more systematically reviewed and assessed. Using specific search criteria on Embase, Psy...