080701-1 The consequences of beam conditioning in four example cases [VISA, a soft x-ray free-electron laser (FEL), LCLS, and a ‘‘Greenfield’’ FEL] are examined. It is shown that in emittance limited cases, proper conditioning reduces sensitivity to the transverse emittance and, furthermore, allows for stronger focusing in the undulator. Simulations show higher saturation power, with gain lengt...

This study starts with a survey on the end-user’s behaviour on operating a multi-split VRF air-conditioning system and progresses with reasonable assumptions and finally, mathematical models are used to generate the calculation equations. Taking a one-to-four multi-split system as an example, step by step, a new performance rating approach for a multi-split air-conditioning system is developed.

This paper presents a new line-interactive UPS (uninterruptible power supply) system with active power-line conditioning capability. This system uses one power electronic inverter to implement two functions: maintaining uninterruptible power for critical loads, and suppressing power-line harmonics. The system offers efficient and economical power conditioning. Experimental validation is given.

The paper presents the neuro-fuzzy controller algorithm for air conditioning system. Neuro-fuzzy control combines the learning capabilities of neural networks and control capabilities of fuzzy logic control. The neurofuzzy controller for air conditioning system takes two inputs from temperature and humidity sensors and controls the compressor speed. The experimental results of the developed sys...

One of the jobs of a circuit designer is to build a measurement system that provides valid input-to-output data as defined by the system requirements over a given frequency range. The four possible elements of a signal path include a gain/signal conditioning cell, an anti-aliasing filter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a digital processing block. Figure 1 shows this type of system wit...

This paper discusses the control of flexible microgrids, consisting of a Redox Flow Batteries (RFB) and a new power conditioning system (PCS) for the RFB. Considering the importance of energy storage, this study is essential in power systems that are developed cautiously. RFB is connected to power system by a DC/DC or DC/AC converter to produce a DC voltage. It is very important that this conve...

Increased awareness of the impact of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) on the global environment has become the impetus in searching for alternative refrigerants and cooling methods for automotive air conditioning. Automotive air conditioning is one industry that heavily uses CFC compounds, and the leakage of CFCs from such air conditioners is substantial compared to that from stationary air condition...