Abstract While many international lawyers are familiar with Francisco de Vitoria (1483–1546), very few have even heard of Paulus Vladimiri (1370–1435) – a Polish priest and jurist who made striking similar arguments to on legal universality the rights non-Christians full century before Vitoria. This divergence consciousness, I argue, provides unique opportunity explore questions canon, receptio...

Consider this picture of the skeptical dilemma: Descartes sits in his armchair, wondering what the world is like, and worried whether it is as it seems to be. He realizes that there are many ways the world could be — many possible ways for the world to be — that he lacks the resources to choose between. Since all the possibilities he’s considering include his having experiences like the ones he...

I present an argument for panpsychism: the thesis that everything is conscious, or at least that fundamental physical entities are conscious. The argument takes a Hegelian dialectical form. Panpsychism emerges as a synthesis of the thesis of materalism and the antithesis of dualism. In particular, the key premises of the causal argument for materialism and the conceivability argument for dualis...

It has long been widely agreed that some concepts can be possessed only by those who have undergone a certain type of phenomenal experience. Orthodoxy among contemporary philosophers of mind has it that these phenomenal concepts provide the key to understanding many disputes between physicalists and their opponents, and in particular offer an explanation of Mary’s predicament in the situation e...

Breast Cancer one of the appalling diseases among the middle-aged women and it is a foremost threatening death possibility cancer in women throughout the world. Earlier prognosis and preclusion reduces the conceivability of death. The proposed system beseech various data mining techniques together with a real-time input data from a biosensor device to determine the disease development proportio...

To world-wide notice, in 2002 the ATHENA collaboration at CERN (in Geneva, Switzerland) announced the creation of order 100,000 low energy antihydrogen atoms. Thus, the concept of using condensed antihydrogen as a low-weight, powerful fuel (i.e., it produces a thousand times more energy per unit weight of fuel than fission/fusion) for very deep space missions (the Oort cloud and beyond) had rea...

This paper addresses fundamental issues on the nature of the concepts and structures of fuzzy logic, focusing, in particular, on the conceptual and functional differences that exist between probabilistic and possibilistic approaches. A semantic model provides the basic framework to define possibilistic structures and concepts by means of a function that quantifies proximity, closeness, or resem...

There has been an intense discussion, albeit largely an implicit one, concerning the inference of causal hypotheses from statistical correlations in quantum mechanics ever since John Bell’s first statement of his notorious theorem in 1966. As is well known, its focus has mainly been the so-called Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (“EPR”) thought experiment, and the ensuing observed correlations in real E...

Purple Haze: The Puzzle of Consciousness, by Joseph Levine, is reviewed. The position that Levine takes in the current philosophical debate about consciousness is identified and the general approach of the essay outlined. I focus on two of the more important issues in the book the conceivability argument against materialism, and the explanatory gap argument against dualism and argue that Levine...