The visual span for reading is the number of letters that can be recognized without moving the eyes and is hypothesized to impose a sensory limitation on reading speed. Factors affecting the size of the visual span have been studied using alphabet letters. There may be common constraints applying to recognition of other scripts. The aim of this study was to extend the concept of the visual span...

Third instar larvae of members of the Ceratitis FAR complex, including Ceratitis fasciventris (Bezzi), Ceratitis anonae Graham, and Ceratitis rosa Karsch are described and compared with those of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Diagnostic characters, such as presence vs. absence of a secondary tooth on the mandibles, previously used to separate Ceratitis capitata from Ceratitis rosa, are shown t...

The elaborate songs of songbirds are frequent models for investigating the evolution of animal signals. However, few previous studies have attempted to reconstruct historical changes in song evolution using a phylogenetic comparative approach. In particular, no comparative studies of bird song have used a large number of vocal characters and a well-supported, independently derived phylogeny. We...

There is a significant need to recognise the text in images on web pages, both for effective indexing and for presentation by non-visual means (e.g., audio). This paper presents and compares two novel methods for the segmentation of characters for subsequent extraction and recognition. The novelty of both approaches is the combination of (different in each case) topological features of characte...

Three new species of Monodontocerus are described from caves in southern China: M. absens sp. nov. is characterized by its cephalic chaetotaxy and the absence of chaetae from the tenaculum; M. mulunensis sp. nov. is characterized by a combination of characters including chaetotaxy, foot complex and furca; M. trigrandis sp. nov. is different from other species in the formula of dental spines and...

Participants Avatar Animated characters that are graphical representation of people (Davis, et al. 2009) Animated characters Avatar Virtual world(s) (VW(s)) An electronic environment that visually mimics complex physical spaces, where people can interact with each other and with virtual objects, and where people are represented by animated characters (Bainbridge 2007, p. 472) Digital world, soc...

A new handwriting model is proposed for simulating complex handwriting variation in obedience to individual handwriting tendencies. Individual handwriting t,endency is represented as a set of deformation rules each of which deforms one structure of pen movements. Characters are represented as hierarchical descriptions of pen movements, so that deformation rules for various types of pen movement...

Then the V pq are obviously disjoint, and V pq = V . Further, the complex characters of S are exactly the z 7→ z−pz−qv, and any representation of S on a complex vector space has to break up into such characters, so V has to be the direct sum of the V . Conversely, if the V pq are given, then it is easy to define h : S → GL(V ) in terms of the above formula. We remark that V is homogeneous of we...

The chiefly Holarctic Hydrobius species complex (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) currently consists of Hydrobius arcticus Kuwert, 1890, and three morphological variants of Hydrobius fuscipes (Linnaeus, 1758): var. fuscipes, var. rottenbergii and var. subrotundus in northern Europe. Here molecular and morphological data are used to test the species boundaries in this species complex. Three gene segme...

Screen Australia’s Gender Matters Program (2015–2023) addresses the underrepresentation of women in screen industry. Older continue to be less visible and stereotyped on which will examined this paper Australian television mini-series Stateless (Freeman Moorhouse Citation2020). is an award-winning series commissioned screened by Broadcasting Corporation acquired Netflix. This case study apply a...