This paper is the first step to an understanding of how engagement with interactive television advertisements may increase the relevancy of a brand and therefore facilitate the automatic processing of the brand’s logo (measured via the P3a) after viewing the advertisement, compared to non-interactive television ads. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and attitudes were measured in response to adve...

Background: There are many different kinds of cigarettes and tobacco available in the market. Since nicotine content of various brands of cigarettes are very variable, therefore evaluation and comparison of nicotine content of different brands of cigarettes is important. The goal of the present study was to determine and compare nicotine content of various domestic and imported cigarettes avail...

This study explores how brand-related information is integrated within a competitive environment. Specifically, we develop a structural equation model of competition between two brands, which includes each brand’s price-quality characteristics (i.e., net utility). The model simultaneously tests how the net utility of the focal and competing brands affects consumers’ attitudes, intentions, and c...

This study examined the perceptions of Chinese consumers towards global apparel brands. It investigated the preferences of Chinese consumers for foreign brands, their perceptions of intangible attributes of global apparel brands. The study used a survey questionnaire to gather information from Chinese consumers through a mall intercept method of convenience sampling. The sample wasthe consumers...

The marketing discourse of the past 10 years was dominated by stagnation and depression. Advertising at the edge of perception, inexpedient segmentation of target groups, continuously revised and adapted manifestations of marketing tools provoking at best a three to five percent return, squibbed marketing budgets – the former marketing director of Coca Cola, Sergio Zyman, preaches the ”The end ...

Introduction. Optimum growth and development are best achieved by breastfeeding, which is the safest source for infant feeding. Mothers in Saudi Arabia start to breastfeed their infants but soon introduce formula brands. Objective. To assess the safety and nutritional adequacy of the oldest formula brands available in the Saudi market. Methods. An observational study has compared between 5 type...

AIMS To use tobacco industry documents on cigarette pack shape, size and openings to identify industry findings on associations with brand imagery, product attributes, consumer perceptions and behaviour. METHODS Internal tobacco industry research and marketing documents obtained through court disclosure contained in the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library were searched using keywords related to ...

BACKGROUND Increasing tobacco taxes to increase price is a proven tobacco control measure. This article investigates how smokers respond to tax and price increases in their choice of discount brand cigarettes versus premium brands. OBJECTIVE To estimate how increase in the tax rate can affect smokers' choice of discount brands versus premium brands. METHODS Using data from International Tob...