Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the major component of phenolics in apple, but mechanisms involved in PA biosynthesis remain unclear. Here, the relationship between the PA biosynthesis and the expression of genes encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) was investigated in fruit skin of one apple cultivar and three crabapples. Transcript levels of LAR1 and ANR2 ...

Landscapes of farms and adjacent areas are known to influence abundance of various arthropods such as pollinators in commercial agricultural ecosystems. In this context, we examined the effect of heterogeneous landscapes surrounding and including commercial apple orchards on pollinator visitation and foraging distance during bloom period from 2011 to 2013 in Pennsylvania. Our results showed tha...

Changes in ecological conditions Turkey are among the rare countries where most plant species spread widely throughout country, both economically and naturally. In this study on apple, which is one of important fruit with economic importance, color characteristics, biochemical sugar contents some commercial apple cultivars grown Çarşamba district Samsun province were examined. Wide variations o...

Laccase activity of Pleurotus ostreatus is significantly increased by the addition of apple pomace. Among various conditions, the best concentration of apple pomace and cultivation time for the production of laccase by P. ostreatus was 2.5% and 9 days, respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses of laccase isoenzyme genes, including pox1, pox3, pox4, poxc, poxa3, and ...

Plants phenology is extremely important tool for crop management, manipulation, and marketing. The objective of this research was to investigate the fruit quality several Annonaceae species under subtropical conditions Homestead, Florida, USA. study carried out in an experimental sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.), orchard with cultivars: 'LeahReese', 'Lessard Thai' 'Red' atemoya ‘Gefner’ (A. che...

rosy apple aphid, dysaphis plantaginea (passerini), with worldwide distribution is an important pest of apple orchards. host plant resistance is an essential component of integrated management of this insect pest. we investigated the resistance of seven apple cultivars, malus domestica (borkhausen), namely granny smith, starkrimson, golden smoothee, red delicious, golden delicious, boshghabi, a...

OBJECTIVE Many species of plants present noticeable potency against human bacterial and fungal pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, antimicrobial activity of the fresh fruits of 4 cultivars (A to D) of Malus domestica cultivated in the Qamsar area of Kashan, Iran was investigated. The disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation antimicrobial activity...

The objective of the investigations performed was to assess the antioxidant properties of the seeds and peels of selected fruits. The antioxidant activity as well as total polyphenol and tannin content were determined. The results obtained revealed essential diversities of the analysed parameters among the material examined. The peels were characterized by higher ability to scavenge free radica...