This contribution proposes a Mixed Integer Non Linear Programming (MINLP) formulation for optimal design of a catalytic distillation column based on a generic nonequilibrium model (NEQ). The solution strategy for the global optimization combines Simulated Annealing (SA) and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) in order to minimize the objective function. The solution of this MINLP problem yie...

The catalytic esterification of n-propyl propionate using propionic acid and n-propyl alcohol as reactants via a conventional pilot plant reactive distillation column was carried-out. The strongly acidic ion-exchange resin Amberlyst46TM was used as the solid acid catalyst. The influence of the reflux ratio (from 2.0 to 2.5), the molar feed ratio (from 2.0 to 2.5), and total feed (from 3.0 to 4....

Aerosol extinction profiles are derived from backscatter data by constraining the retrieval with column aerosol optical thickness (AOT), for example from coincident MODIS observations and without reliance on a priori assumptions about aerosol type or optical properties. The backscatter data were acquired with the NASA Langley High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL). The HSRL also simultaneously m...

We investigate the spatial and temporal features of dense contaminant plumes dynamics in porous materials. Our analysis is supported by novel experimental results concerning pollutant concentration profiles inside a vertical column setup. We describe the experimental methods and elucidate the salient outcomes of the measurements, with focus on miscible fluids in homogeneous saturated media. By ...

Column Segmentation logically precedes OCR in the document analysis process. The trainable algorithm described here, XYCUT, relies on horizontal and vertical binary profiles to produce an XYtree representing the column structure of a page of a technical document in a single pass through the bit image. Daining against ground truth adjusts a single, resolution independent, parameter using only lo...

There has been much discussion in the literature regarding whether column profiles can cross distillation boundaries and by how much. The traditional crossing of boundaries demonstrated by Wahnschafft et al. (1993) represents a very constraint case and was of academic interest only as the operating region for columns was small. The goal of this paper is to show how the design by using column se...

Aims. The development of a general code for 3D Lyα radiation transfer in galaxies to understand the diversity of Lyα line profiles observed in star forming galaxies and related objects. Methods. Using a Monte Carlo technique we have developed a 3D Lyα radiation transfer code allowing for prescribed arbitrary hydrogen density, ionisation, temperature structures, and dust distributions, and arbit...

The design of the steel frame structure for beam, column, and beam-column elements usually takes several iterations to obtain optimum results that are safe, efficient, economical. problems arise due number iteration process basis this research. research was conducted on 100 sections IWF HCS which consisted 81 19 HCS. analysis carried out regarding SNI 1729:2015. study in form moment capacity gr...