In this paper, we develop a syntactical version of elaborated reductions for high-level Petri nets. These reductions simplify the model by merging some sequential transitions into an atomic one. Their conditions combine local structural ones (e.g. related to the actions of a thread) and global algebraic ones (e.g. related to the threads synchronization). We show that these conditions are perfor...

In this paper, we propose a learning-based method for adding colours to grayscale images. In contrast to many previous computer-aided colourizing methods, which require intensive and accurate human intervention, our method needs only the user to provide a colourful image of the similar content as the grayscale image. We accept the “image manifold” assumption and apply manifold learning methods ...

In Gentiana lutea two varieties are described: G. lutea var. aurantiaca with orange corolla colors and G. lutea var. lutea with yellow corolla colors. Both color varieties co-occur in NW Spain, and pollinators select flower color in this species. It is not known whether a hybridization barrier exists between these G. lutea color varieties. We aim to test the compatibility between flower color v...

As pixel sizes approach the diffraction limit, optical and carrier crosstalk will increase substantially. Very high crosstalk leads to a reduction in SNR and color reproduction quality when conventional color filter arrays (CFAs) such as the Bayer patterns (RGB and CMY) are used. We present the design and analysis of new color filter array patterns for improving the color error and SNR deterior...

4-Methylimidazole (4-MEI) is a simple nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, and recently classified as group 2B by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Caramel coloring is widely applied food coloring in many food products including coffee, carbonated beverages, beer and wine. In present study, ɣ-irradiation was applied to Caramel Color III to reduce the level of 4-MEI witho...

Color is obviously becoming increasingly important in presenting experimental results in neuroscience at every level, from gene sequences, antibody staining, and gene-targeted animals with markers such as green fluorescent protein to all types of functional cell imaging and all types of functional brain imaging. As a premier journal covering the entire range of studies in neuroscience, The Jour...

A series of biphenyl-2,2'-diylbis(diarylmethanol)s 3, which have two kinds of aryl groups at the bay region, were efficiently obtained by integrated flow microreactor synthesis. The diols 3NO/NX are the precursors of unsymmetric biphenylic dications 2NO/NX2+, which are transformed into the corresponding dihydrophenanthrenes 1NO/NX via 2NO/NX+• upon reduction, when they exhibit two-stage color c...

Common tasks such as printing, displaying, and visualizing images may require a transformation of the input image from its source color space to a target color space. Such transformations include converting color images to grayscale for printing, mapping images to the gamuts of target display devices, preparing images for color deficient viewers, and fusing multispectral or multiprimary data in...