Specific environmental features, such as natural settings or spatial design, can foster creativity. The effect of object-context congruency on creativity has not yet been investigated. While congruence between an object and its visual context provides meaning to the object, it may hamper due mental fixation effects. In current study, virtual reality technology (VR) was employed examine hypothes...

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) appears to be important for processing both cognitive and motivational context information. Primate lateral PFC (LPFC) neurons are involved in cognitive context-dependent stimulus coding by responding differently to an identical stimulus according to the task situation. Such context-dependent LPFC activity appears to be supported by context-representing activity, obs...

Multiple lines of research in cognitive science have brought insight on the role that internal (cognitive) representations of situational context play in framing decision making and in differentiating expert versus novice decision performance. However, no single framework has emerged to integrate these lines of research, particularly the views from narrative reasoning research and those from si...

Understanding the effect of pervasive services on user context is critical to many context-aware applications. Detailed descriptions of context-altering services are necessary, and manually adapting them to the local environment is a tedious and error-prone process. We present a method for automatically providing service descriptions by observing and learning from the behavior of a service with...

Elman (2009) proposed that the traditional role of the mental lexicon in language processing can largely be replaced by a theoretical model of schematic event knowledge founded on dynamic context-dependent variables. We evaluate Elman’s approach and propose an alternative view, based on dual coding theory and evidence that modality-specific cognitive representations contribute strongly to word ...

We report the results of mining student learning data from SlideTutor – a cognitive tutor in a medical diagnostic domain. The analysis was aimed at finding both individual learning patterns as well as common misconceptions that students possessed. We have discovered that indeed there are distinct learner stereotypes: hint-driven learners, failuredriven learners, and a mixed group of learners th...

Mobile awareness systems provide user-controlled and automatic, sensor-derived cues of other users’ situations and in that way attempt to facilitate group practices and provide opportunities for social interaction. We are interested in investigating how users interpret these cues as a situation, action, or intention of a remote person and then act on them in everyday social interactions. Three ...

Style transfer aims to apply the style of an exemplar model to a target one, while retaining the target’s structure. The main challenge in this process is to algorithmically distinguish style from structure, a high-level, potentially ill-posed cognitive task. Inspired by cognitive science research we recast style transfer in terms of shape analogies. In IQ testing, shape analogy queries present...

In Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSNs), the cognitive radio technology enables sensor nodes to occupy licensed bands in a opportunistic manner and provides advantages in terms of spectrum utilization and system throughput. This paper proposes a routing scheme based on semi-supervised learning, which jointly considers energy efficiency, context-awareness, and optimal path configuration to en...

Episodic memory is the binding of an event with information about the context in which that event (or item) was experienced. The context of an event may include its spatial and temporal location as well as goal-directed, conscious thoughts evoked during the event. We call this latter type of information cognitive context. The binding of items and context (BIC) theory of medial temporal lobe fun...