PURPOSE To describe the MR features of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma and to determine whether there is a correlation with histopathologic findings. METHODS The MR images, pathologic specimens, and clinical records of 23 patients with primary CNS lymphoma were reviewed. The imaging and pathologic characteristics were tabulated and compared by using the standard tests for associ...

We postulated that high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by peripheral autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation might help to control refractory central nervous system (CNS) histiocytic disorders. Six patients with histiocytic CNS involvement were treated in this way. Two patients achieved non-active disease status, although one relapsed at 84 months. Two patients had regressive disea...

Lesions and neurologic disability in inflammatory CNS diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) result from the translocation of leukocytes and humoral factors from the vasculature, first across the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and then across the astrocytic glia limitans (GL). Factors secreted by reactive astrocytes open the BBB by disrupting endothelial tight junctions (TJs), but the ...

After central nervous system (CNS) demyelination-such as occurs during multiple sclerosis-there is often spontaneous regeneration of myelin sheaths, mainly by oligodendrocytes but also by Schwann cells. The origins of the remyelinating cells have not previously been established. We have used Cre-lox fate mapping in transgenic mice to show that PDGFRA/NG2-expressing glia, a distributed populatio...

CONTEXT Frozen section (FS) evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) lesions provides an assessment of specimen adequacy and facilitates triage for ancillary studies. Frozen section also provides an accurate preliminary diagnosis; however, certain lesions are recognized to cause diagnostic challenges at FS. OBJECTIVE To identify cases in which there was a discrepancy between the FS diagnosi...

PURPOSE Intravesical injection of onabotulinumtoxinA is an effective treatment for overactive bladder (OAB). Nonetheless, the treatment outcome is unclear in OAB patients with central nervous system (CNS) lesions. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in elderly patients with chronic cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), Parkinson's disease (PD) a...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intraoperative consultation of CNS lesions provides accurate diagnosis to neurosurgeons. Some lesions, however, may cause diagnostic difficulty. In this study accuracy of intraoperative consultations of CNS lesions and discrepancies in diagnosis and deferrals were analysed. METHODS All CNS cases from May 1, 2004 to September 20, 2010 in which intraoperative frozen section ...

OBJECTIVE Definitive diagnosis of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions is unknown prior to histopathological examination. To determine the method and the endpoint for surgery, intraoperative evaluation of the lesion helps the surgeon. In this study, the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of using frozen section (FS) of CNS lesions is determined. MATERIALS & METHODS In this retrospective stu...

Establishing the diagnosis of focal brain lesions in patients with unexplained neurologic symptoms represents a challenge. The goal of this study is to provide evidence supporting functional roles for CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)13 and interleukin (IL)-10 in central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas and to evaluate the utility of each as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. We demonstrate for the ...

The actual frequency of paracoccidioidomycosis of the central nervous system (CNS) is not known, because neurological investigation of the patients is not routinely done and in many cases the CNS involvement may be silent [1]. The incidence of CNS involvement in several studies varied from 10 to 27 % [2]. Of the relatively small number of cases reported in the literature, the two most common cl...