This study compared proportion of animals with shoulder and vulvar lesions and scores for cleanliness, body condition, and lameness in sows housed in four different group-housing facilities. Inspectors visited each herd once per month and scored sows for each parameter. All farms housed gestating sows in groups, but pen designs and management differed on each farm. Differences among herds were ...

Abstract Background One of the most common causes healthcare associated infections (HAIs) is due to environmental contamination surfaces in patient care areas. Cleaning and disinfection these has been shown reduce incidence HAIs contributes overall hospital cleanliness. Currently, cleanliness publicly reported through Hospital Consumer Assessment Healthcare Providers Systems (HCAHPS) survey tha...