This study compares an ordered probit model and a Tobit model with selection to take into account both true zero and protest zero bids while estimating the willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation easements in Macon County, NC. By comparing the two models, the ordered/unordered selection issue of the protest responses is analyzed to demonstrate how the treatment of protest responses can signif...

Abstract This article brings new perspectives on state–citizen relations in African petro-states by analysing the role of Nigerian trade unions recurring fuel subsidy protests. have played an instrumental protests against removals since mid-1980s, most recently massive 2012 protest known as ‘Occupy Nigeria’. Based idea that forms part a social contract Nigeria, and through revisiting T. H. Mars...

We conducted a study to investigate the motivational dynamics of protest participation. Previous research suggests that instrumental and identity motives together with group-based anger predict people’s intentions to participate in protest. The present research combines these motives with ideology into a single model. So far, no study has tested such a model or attempted to assess the motives’ ...

This project presents an agent-based simulation model of protest activity. Agents are located in a two dimensional grid and have limited ability to observe the behavior of other agents in the grid. The model is used to explore questions inspired by research on different theories of individual motivation and the so-called theory of critical mass. The simulations describe individuals who support ...

We live in a culture of contest and protest. Our economic, political, and legal institutions are structured as contests. Our efforts to reform these institutions frequently are characterized by protest. This article examines the social and ecological implications of this culture of contest and protest. It begins by demonstrating that our economic, political, and legal institutions form an integ...

Does propaganda reduce the probability of popular protest in Africa’s contemporary autocracies? To answer this question, we draw on an original dataset of state-run newspapers from 21 African countries, encompassing two languages and roughly 600,000 articles. We find that propaganda diminishes the probability of protest, and that its effects persist over time. By increasing the level of pro-reg...

Sir,?In to-day's issue of a Calcutta daily paper I find the enclosed advertisement sandwiched in between an advertisement for enamel paints and another for furniture: Dr.'s -Wonderful Discovery.?Specific for Hydrocele, guaranteed to cure any nature and of any standing by using this medicine externally. Price, Its. 2-8. Apply to , Calcutta. A Government big officer of Central Provinces writes:?"...

Anunequal distribution of income and wealth is an inherent feature of all complex societies, and up to a point, a desirable one. A highly skewed distribution, however, raises questions of seriousmoral and practical concern:Towhat extent does socioeconomic inequality undermine the principle of political equality on which democratic societies are based? Under what conditions does it lead to lead ...

The application of Waste-to-Energy treatment in Municipal Solid Waste faces strong protest by local communities, especially in cities with high population densities. This study introduces insight into the public awareness, acceptance and risk perception toward Waste-to-Energy through a structured questionnaire survey around a Waste-to-Energy facility in Shanghai, China. The Dichotomous-Choice c...