There has been an increasing interest for what could be designated as 3D Cartography or 3D Geographical Information Systems which led to the development of web based technologies for visualization and interaction of 3D city models. The Open Geographic Consortium came out with the City Geography Markup Language as a industry standard for the modelling of city landscapes and the web 3D Consortium...

Virtual 3D city models provide important information for different aspects of disaster management. In order to ensure the unambiguous interpretation of the represented objects, an ontology in the sense of a common information model for urban and regional structures has to be defined. Furthermore, up-to-dateness of and flexible access to 3D city models are of utmost importance. Spatial Data Infr...

This paper addresses the concept of a 3D Geodata Web Service for the support of indoor navigation with satellite-based positioning systems like Galileo or GPS. The presented work is part of a project called INDOOR, which principally aims at the support of satellite positioning and navigation within buildings. The intended web service shall provide 3D building data to mobile clients, where it wi...

This paper discusses the making of three-dimensional geospatial data infrastructure (3D GDI) for Malaysia. The main component of the initiative is 3D city models with CityGML as the standard for data modelling, transfer and exchange. Various aspects of 3D city modelling especially on the construction of the models and texturing of facades via dynamic pulse function are described. The generated ...

Research on indoor navigation models mainly focuses on geometric and logical models .The models are enriched with specific semantic information which supports localisation, navigation and guidance. Geometric models provide information about the structural (physical) distribution of spaces in a building, while logical models indicate relationships (connectivity and adjacency) between the spaces....

The development of a smart city and digital twin requires the integration Building Information Modeling (BIM) Geographic Systems (GIS), where BIM models are to be integrated into GIS for visualization and/or analysis. However, intrinsic differences between have led enormous problems in BIM-to-GIS data conversion, use City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) has further escalated this issue. Thi...