Aim: Betel chewer’s mucosa, although not considered as a potentially malignant lesion, has been suggested to be a precursor of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Thus a study was undertaken to asses various quid chewing patterns in patients with chewer’s mucosa and to evaluate possible association between chewer’s mucosa and a particular quid usage pattern. Materials and methods: The study was don...

Ash containing considerable amounts of free lime as the most active component requires stabilization to assure safe landfilling. Using CO2 from flue gases as a neutralizing agent, also the emission of CO2 is diminished. The most extensive effect could be achieved by treating ash-water suspensions with CO2-containing gas. As even minute amounts of extraneous substances present in water influence...

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a maize mycotoxin. In tortilla preparation, maize is treated with lime (nixtamalization), producing hydrolyzed FB1 (HFB1) due to loss of the tricarballylic acid side chains. This study determined the following: 1) whether nixtamalization by Mayan communities reduces total fumonisins, and 2) the steps in the process at which reduction occurs. Tortillas prepared by the tradi...

The choice of management practices for the treatment of piggery effluent prior to its disposal to waterways or land is governed by the desire to simultaneously minimise the cost of treatment whilst minimising pollution of the environment. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the removal of total and total filterable phosphorus (P) (<0.45 microm) from ortho-phosphate solutions or pig...

BACKGROUND Witches' broom disease of Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.), which is associated to the phytoplasma 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia', is a devastating disease that results in significant economic losses. Plants adapt to biotic stresses by regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently identified family of ...

The widespread use of formalin, copper sulphate, and other germicides in seed treatment for the control of seed-transmitted diseases is generally attended by decreased and retarded seed germination. Pathogens on the seed coats, present as dry bacteria, fungus spores, or dormant mycelium, are usually in a resting stage and as such require the use of disinfectants in a fairly strong concentration...

Cosmetics are a major need for women everyday life, which can be seen from the increasing income of cosmetics industry up to 12% in 2016. Natural ingredients alternative reduce negative impact synthetic cosmetics. Knowledge about it is obtained generation with oral traditions but has several weaknesses. The aims study conduct studies related use natural and find out value plants as care by peop...