The circle of Willis (cW), a potential collateral pathway at the base of brain, is a subsidiary network of vascular channels that stabilises cerebral blood flow when principal conduits fail. Considerable variability exists in the anatomy of cW with frequent asymmetry while an ideal configuration is seen in a minority of cases. The importance of this circular anastomosis becomes evident while de...

[1] Shim D, Fedderly RT, Beekman III RH, Ludomirsky A, Young ML, Schork MA, Lloyd TR. Follow-up of coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28. 207-11. [2] Galal O, de Moor M, Fadley F et al. Problems encountered during introduction of Gianturco coils for transcatheter occlusion of the patent arterial duct. Eur Heart J 1997; 18: 625-30. [3] Sommer RJ, Gutierrez A, Lai...

AIM To assess ultrasonographically the flow pattern and the time of postnatal closure of ductus venosus related to the other fetal shunts. METHODS Fifty healthy, term neonates were studied from day 1 up to day 18 using a VingMed CFM 800A ultrasound scanner. RESULTS Ductus arteriosus was closed in 94% of the infants before day 3. Ductus venosus, however, was closed in only 12% at the same ti...

The increased survival of small neonates with hyaline membrane disease has led to an increase in patent ductus arteriosus in such neonates. Durirng the period of this study patent ductus arteriosus occurred in 21 % of all newborn infants who weighed <2500 g, and were seen at this hospital; the proportion increased with decreasing birthweight and gestational age.1 Patent ductus arteriosus often ...

Ultrasonic visualization of the ductus arteriosus in first and second trimester pregnancies was compared with postmortem preparations. Twenty human fetal postmortem specimens from 8 to 19 weeks menstrual age were examined, 11 with microscopic reconstruction, nine with macroscopic dissection. The angle between ductus arteriosus and aortic isthmus (upstream) and ductus arteriosus and descending a...

The ductus arteriosus is a specialized blood vessel containing highly differentiated and contractile vascular smooth muscle, derived largely from neural crest cells, that is essential for fetal life but typically closes after birth. Impaired development of the ductus arteriosus or disruption of signaling pathways that initiate postnatal closure can result in persistent patency of the ductus art...

The increased survival of small neonates with hyaline membrane disease has led to an increase in patent ductus arteriosus in such neonates. Durirng the period of this study patent ductus arteriosus occurred in 21 % of all newborn infants who weighed <2500 g, and were seen at this hospital; the proportion increased with decreasing birthweight and gestational age.1 Patent ductus arteriosus often ...

1 Collett RW, Edwards JE: Persistent truncus arteriosus: A classification according to anatomic types. Surg Clin N Amer 29: 1245-1270, 1949 2 Tandon R, Hauck AJ, Nadas AS: Persistent truncus arteriosus-A clinical, hemodynamic and autopsy study of nineteen cases. Circulation 28: 1050-1060, 1963 3 Van Praagh R, Van Praagh S: The anatomy of common aortopulmonary trunk ( truncus ateriosus communis ...

Clinical and pathologic findings are described in a seven-month-old boy who suffered from persistent truncus arteriosus and suddenly developed signs of respiratory distress. Bronchial compression in patients with persistent truncus arteriosus has only rarely been reported.

The ductus arteriosus is an arterial shunt between the aorta and a pulmonary artery, physiological during fetal development, this period it shunts away part of blood circulation that would go to lungs, which at moment are still afunctional. After birth, there closure duct, its non-occlusion called persistent (PDA), treated surgically. We report clinical case female canine German dwarf spitz bre...