catalytic and photocatalytic reactions of (2-chloroethyl) phenyl sulfide (2-ceps), a mimic of bis (2-chloroethyl)  sulfide (i.e. sulfur mustard) were studied on the surfaces of titanium oxide. tio2 nanoparticles (anatase, rutile and mixture of 80% anatase/20% rutile) along with bulk tio2 were tested as reactive sorbents for reaction of 2-ceps at room temperature (25±0.5°c). reactions were monit...

In this work a novel bioassay for mustard agent detection was proposed. The bioassay is based on the capability of these compounds to inhibit the enzyme choline oxidase. The enzymatic activity, which is correlated to the mustard agents, was electrochemically monitored measuring the enzymatic product, hydrogen peroxide, by means of a screen-printed electrode modified with Prussian Blue nanoparti...

In the production of biological effects such as vesication by bis-p-chloroethyl sulfide (mustard gas) it has been considered probable that inactivation of tissue enzymes is of foremost importance. In view of the reaction characteristics of bis-p-chloroethyl sulfide it has appeared likely that this inhibition is due to an alkylation reaction involving essential groups of the enzymes. Involvement...

T. VAN OIJEN*, M. A. VAN LEEUWE, E. GRANUM, F. J. WEISSING, R. G. J. BELLERBY, W. W. C. GIESKES AND H. J. W. DE BAAR 1 DEPARTMENT OF MARINE BIOLOGY, CEES, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, PO BOX 14, 9750 AA HAREN, THE NETHERLANDS, DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD, SHEFFIELD S10 2TN, UK, THEORETICAL BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, PO BOX 14, 9750 AA HAREN, THE NETHERLAN...

This study examines whether health inequalities exist between lone and cohabiting mothers across Europe, and how these may differ by welfare regime. Data from the European Social Survey were used to compare self-rated general health, limiting long-standing illness and depressive feelings by means of a multi-level logistic regression. The 27 countries included in the analyses are classified into...

HIGHLIGHTS Since the geopolitical developments of 1989, former centrally planned economies of Eastern Europe followed distinctively different pathways in national pharmaceutical expenditure evolution as compared to their free market Western European counterparts.Long term spending on pharmaceuticals expressed as percentage of total health expenditure was falling in free market economies as of 1...

The Occlusion Dose Monitor was first made by Allistair Fielder and Merrick Moseley in the early ninetees (Fielder et al., 1995) and miniaturized, following a suggestion by Paul van der Maas, the initiator of the RAMSES birth-cohort study on vision sceening (Groenewoud et al., 2010), by Cees Romijn and other electrotechnicians at the Academical Medical Center in Amsterdam in 1996 and 1997 (Simon...

Changes in the market conditions for fruit and vegetables have induced Dutch co-operative auctions to restructure their sales and marketing activities. Nine auctions merged into VTN and established the marketing organisation The Greenery International BV. VTN/The Greenery have encountered many problems in their first years of operation. Part of these problems can be explained by the lack of org...