Polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington's disease and a number of spinocerebellar ataxias, are caused by expanded CAG repeats that are located in translated sequences of individual, functionally-unrelated genes. Only mutant proteins containing polyglutamine expansions have long been thought to be pathogenic, but recent evidence has implicated mutant transcripts containing long CAG repeats ...

INTRODUCTION This book has explored the issues surrounding the use of CAA in higher education. It presents a picture of current activity and highlights not only the potential benefits but also the challenges and opportunities facing individual academics, departments and institutions. It is clear that a range of technologies, methodologies and pedagogies is being implemented to support CAA. Ther...

Suppressed ion chromatography with a conductivity detector was developed for the determination of trace amounts of underivatized chloroacetic acids (CAAs). When sodium carbonate and methanol were used as a mobile phase, the simultaneous determination of each CAA took approximately 25 min. The linearity, reproducibility and detection limits were determined for the proposed method. For the solid-...

The epigenetic DNA modifications 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in eukaryotes are recognized either in the context of double-stranded DNA (e.g., by the methyl-CpG binding domain of MeCP2), or in the flipped-out state (e.g., by the SRA domain of UHRF1). The SRA-like domains and the base-flipping mechanism for 5(h)mC recognition are also shared by the recently discovere...

We review the utility of serum anticholinergic activity (SAA) as a peripheral marker of anticholinergic activity (AA) in the central nervous system (CAA). We hypothesize that the compensatory mechanisms of the cholinergic system do not contribute to SAA if their system is intact and that if central cholinergic system deteriorates alone in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or Lewy body deme...

The LexA repressor from Escherichia coli induces DNA bending upon interaction with the two overlapping operators which regulate the transcription of the colicin A encoding gene caa. Both caa operators harbor T-tracts adjacent to their recognition motifs. These tracts have been suggested to be especially favorable for the promotion of LexA-induced DNA bending. Here we show that this is indeed th...

Etheno adducts are formed in the reactions of DNA bases with chloroacetaldehyde, with lipid peroxidation products, and also with metabolites of vinyl chloride and furan. The presence of such modifications in the genetic material may lead to errors in replication with consequences of mutations and even carcinogenesis. For an understanding of the biological significance of etheno adducts it is im...

SUMMARY This document describes the basis of the computer model currently used by the CAA to generate contour maps of aircraft noise exposure level around airports. Developed from the earlier Noise and Number Index (NNI) model, this now produces contours of Equivalent Sound Level (Leq) in dB(A). The main difference between the procedures used to compute these two noise indices lies in the algor...

A complementary DNA has been isolated from an adult Drosophila library that encodes a predicted protein of 69 amino acids (Mw = 8104) and an opa repetitive element. The gene was isolated using a genomic fragment during a walk upstream of a previously cloned gene, AP3 (1). This gene has been given the name Dromsopa (EMBL accession no. X56491) and has no other identity with genes currently in the...

The sorption of mercury vapor by adsorbed sulfur in the zeolites CaA (=5A) and NaX (= 13X) and two types of active carbon has been measured at a temperature of 50°C. With increasing degree of micropore filling by sulfur the fraction of sulfur accessible to mercury atoms decreased for CaA and NaX. The sulfur chemisorbed on carbon (only less than 0.05 g sulfur per g) is not very active for mercur...