this paper presents efflux time experiments performed in the absence and presence of aqueous solutions of drag reducing agents (dras) when a liquid is emptied from a large open cylindrical storage tank through an exit piping system. the drag reducing agents studied are dodecyl benzene sulfonate anionic surfactant and a mixed solution of surfactant and sodium chloride counter ion. the variables ...

Engineering uses the chloride ion diffusion coefficient as the durability of concrete quality control indicators under the marine environment, due to the chloride ion diffusion coefficient and the electrical resistivity of concrete parameters are reflected in the concrete pore structure, and resistivity testing is convenient, fast advantages, the resistivity alternative chloride ion diffusion c...

In this work, the first chloride ion sensor based on QD-lucigenin nanoparticles is reported. The mechanism uses the ability of semiconductor QDs to engage in short range exchange processes, leading to fluorescence changes. An acridinium dication (lucigenin) which is an electron acceptor, was self-assembled on the surface of negative charged QDs (capped with mercaptopropionic acid). Mutual quenc...

The chief inorganic factors in secretions obtained from isolated pouches constructed in the fundus and in the pyloric antrum of the cat's stomach were found to be chloride ion and fixed base. In a series of samples obtained from the fundic pouch, chloride ion was approximately stationary at 165 cc. 0.1 N per 100 cc. During digestion of food in the stomach, secretions from the pouch contained fi...

We isolated and characterized a novel endophyte from hybrid poplar. This unique endophyte, identified as Enterobacter sp. strain PDN3, showed high tolerance to trichloroethylene (TCE). Without the addition of inducers, such as toluene or phenol, PDN3 rapidly reduced TCE levels in medium from 72.4 μM to 30.1 μM in 24 h with a concurrent release of 127 μM chloride ion, and nearly 80% of TCE (55.3...

When iodides are administered in ordinary doses excretion takes place rapidly. Heavy doses can usually be administered before toxic symptoms develop. The same is true to an even greater extent of bromides. The bromide ion appears to be capable of replacing the chloride ion to a Considerable degree in the body fluid of mammals without the production of distinct toxic symptoms. Thus Frey (1910--1...

Alcohol abuse is associated with increased lung infections. Molecular understanding of the underlying mechanisms is not complete. Airway epithelial ion transport regulates the homeostasis of airway surface liquid, essential for airway mucosal immunity and lung host defense. Here, air-liquid interface cultures of Calu-3 epithelial cells were basolaterally exposed to physiologically relevant conc...

The injection of tetraethylammonium chloride into the giant axon of the squid prolongs the action potential and eliminates most of the late current under voltage-clamp. Experiments on fibers in an external medium of high potassium ion concentration demonstrate that injected tetraethylammonium chloride causes rectification of the instantaneous current-voltage curve for potassium by excluding out...

In the title compound, [MnCl(2)(C(11)H(13)N(5))], the Mn(II) ion is five-coordinated in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry, with three N atoms from the neutral tridentate 2,6-bis-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine ligand and one chloride ion forming the basal plane and the other chloride ion in the apical position. Both dihydro-imidazole rings adopt envelope conformations. In the crystal...