The purpose of research work was to develop and optimize mucoadhesive microspheres of glibenclamide incorporated in in-situ gel for nasal delivery with the aim to enhance the residence time and improve therapeutic efficacy. Chitosan (mucoadhesive) based microspheres of glibenclamide were prepared by emulsificationcrosslinking method. Glutaraldehyde was used as crosslinking agent. A 32 factorial...

In this work, chitosan whiskers (CWs) were first extracted using low-cost and earth-abundant crab shells as materials by a series of chemical processes, and then assembled into chitosan whisker microspheres (CWMs) via a simple photochemical polymerization approach. Subsequently, a cementite (Fe3C) nanocrystal@N-doped graphitic carbon (Fe3C@NGC) nanocomposite was successfully fabricated by high ...

An effective paradigm for transplanting large numbers of neural stem cells after central nervous system (CNS) injury has yet to be established. Biomaterial scaffolds have shown promise in cell transplantation and in regenerative medicine, but improved scaffolds are needed. In this study we designed and optimized multifunctional and biocompatible chitosan-based films and microspheres for the del...

Chitosan (CH) is derived from N-deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant naturally occurring biopolymer after cellulose. Due to its biodegradable and biocompatible properties, CH has been investigated for many biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. For example, CH-microspheres have been used as carriers for controlled release of drugs, peptides and proteins, as well as va...

The aim of this study was to prepare a new microsphere (fucosphere) system based on polyion complexation of fucoidan with chitosan, and to evaluate its treatment efficiency on dermal burns. The physicochemical properties such as mean particle size and distribution, zeta potential and bioadhesive properties of the microspheres were investigated. The formulation which had the high surface charge,...

An amphiphilic N-octyl-O-methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) chitosan was successfully prepared by grafting successively octyl groups onto amino groups at chitosan’s C-2 position as hydrophobic moieties and methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) groups onto hydroxyl groups at C-6, C-3 as hydrophilic ones. A certain amount of -NH2 was retained in the structure of chitosan derivatives through protection b...

In this paper, different formulation types of microparticulate systems such as beads, microbeads, microspheres and microsponges using to special attention chitosan, alginate and eudragit RS 100 are reviewed. Chitosan and alginates are natural, anionic or cationic, biocompatible, biodegredable and non-toxic polymers. They have excellent potential for pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical applicat...

Preparation of chitosan (CS) microspheres as a novel drug delivery vehicle for intranasal immunization using high, medium and low CS molecular weight (MW) was investigated in this study. Diphtheria toxoid (DT) was used as a model antigen. The emulsion-solidification method was adopted for microencapsulation of DT.  In the first step, following the purification of semi-crude DT by the ion-exchan...

Custom-designed wound dressing films of chitosan and alginate have been prepared by a casting/solvent evaporation method for hydrophobic therapeutic agent encapsulation. In this parametric study, the propylene glycol (PG) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) concentrations were varied for chitosan and alginate films, respectively. Mechanical and chemical inter-related responses under observations inclu...

Previously microspheres containing metformin hydrochloride were prepared by using two different methods viz. ionotropic gelation and solvent evaporation method. In this study, acute toxicity studies were investigated in male albino rats following oral administration of the microspheres. The rats were carefully observed for any clinical signs for seven days, and gross observations of the organs ...