Introduction: Chitinases are enzymes that hydrolyze the internal β-1,4 glycosidic linkages of chitin, a significant structural component arthropod exoskeletons and fungus cell walls. Objective: Main objective current study was to determine protein check antimicrobial, antifungal activity chitinase in Bacillus salmalaya strain 139SI. Methodology: Purified estimation were quantified by method Low...

Chitin is an insoluble component in the shells of several molluscan species. It is thought to play important roles, in biomineralization and shell structure. To date, however, reports are scarce and sometimes contradictory, and suffer from methodological problems. Only in a single cephalopod species has the chitin been identified as beta-chitin. We present data on chitin occurrence in 22 specie...

Presently, the snail shells produced wastes that are detrimental to clean immediate environment while over reliance on synthesized polymer suicidal because they not degradable. Hence, biological production of through recycling will signal an ending consequences associated with and synthesis. Therefore, current study is targeted at chitosan extraction, characterization from snail.  Shells w...

The effect of partial autolysis during storage of shrimp biowaste on the quality of the extracted chitin and chitosan has been investigated. Shrimp waste materials were stored in a 30 o C incubator for 1-4 days. The quality of the chitin and chitosan extracted from these materials was assessed by ash and protein analysis and in solution by viscosimetry. Chitosan from fresh biowaste, treated for...

Chitin is a biopolymer. Theoretically, it is a homopolymer of acetyl-glucosamine. Chitosan is the deacetylated product of chitin. Chitin and chitosan have many applications in water purification, agriculture, food and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, industrial production for chitin and chitosan is from the shell wastes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of chitin...

The current model for the ultrastructure of the interlamellar membranes of molluscan nacre imply that they consist of a core of aligned chitin fibers surrounded on both sides by acidic proteins. This model was based on observations taken on previously demineralized shells, where the original structure had disappeared. Despite other earlier claims, no direct observations exist in which the diffe...

Chitin is the second most common polysaccharide found in nature. It is present in crustacean shells, insect exoskeletons, parasitic nematode eggs and gut linings, and in the cell wall of fungi. The deacetylated derivative of chitin, chitosan, is less common but is particularly evident in certain species of fungi, such as Cryptococcus, and the cyst wall of Entamoeba. How mammals sense and respon...

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on the market are processed or sold only to take part in meat. The head, shell, and tail thrown away without any prior processing. Underutilized waste causes environmental problems. An alternative overcome this disturbance phenomenon is utilize shells containing chitin subsequently transformed into chitosan that can be applied various fields. Chitosan has ...

Chitin is an abundant biopolymer composed of units of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Chitin is the main component of the shells of mollusks, the cell wall of fungi and yeast and of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. The degradation of chitin is catalyzed by chitinases that occur in a wide range of organisms. Among them, the chitinases from microorganisms are e...

Chitin is the second most plenteous polysaccharide in nature after cellulose, present in cell walls of several fungi, exoskeletons of insects, and crustacean shells. Chitin does not accumulate in the environment due to presence of bacterial chitinases, despite its abundance. These enzymes are able to degrade chitin present in the cell walls of fungi as well as the exoskeletons of insect. They h...