teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...

Introduction:Based on the theory of optimal motor learning, autonomic factors and the focus of external attention facilitate the performance and learning of motor skills. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of autonomy factors, focus attention and the combination of these factors on the implementation of hands-on skills in children with attention deficit / hyperactivi...

abstract this study investigated the predictability of variables from a motivational framework as well as individuals qualities to predict three non-linguistic outcomes of language learning. gardners socio-educational model with its measures has been used in the current study. individual qualities presented in this study include (1) age, (2) gender, and (3) language learning experience. the...

the construct of self-efficacy has received increasing attention in research over the past two decades. many studies have been carried out 1.3 significance of the study this study has pedagogical implications since improving students’ self- efficacy and autonomy is important for promoting actual performance on classroom academic tasks. in academic settings, it has been shown that self-effi...

the present study was conducted to investigate the role of summary in teaching grammar process on pre-university students. to this end, 48 male pre-university students in semnan were participants. they were math class that we called experimental group and science class as control group. in order to make sure there was no significant difference in proficiency level of two groups. a pre-test wa...

Introduction: Emergency school closures are often used as public health interventions during infectious disease outbreaks to minimize the spread of infection. However, Over 80% of children in the world have had their education impacted by coronavirus. For children with special needs who receive special education services, access to face-to-face education and other resources at school is of part...

Increasing usage of information technology and communication predict a great development in all areas, especially in education and learning. In recent decades, because of emerging modern technologies like multi-media, meta-media and tele-communications, classical perspectives in learning are faced with critical changes. Today, modern technologies are used by most countries in special education....