ABSTRACT Plant pathogens often exhibit variation in virulence, the ability to cause disease on host plants with specific resistance, evident from the diversity of races observed within pathogen species. The evolution of races in asexual fungal pathogens has been hypothesized to occur in a stepwise fashion, in which mutations to virulence accumulate sequentially in clonal lineages, resulting in ...

Domestication and crop breeding has improved plants for human use, but may have unintended consequences traits that are not selected upon. Disruption in the mycorrhizal mutualism been observed crops; possibly due to fertilised soil. Little is known about whether legume-rhizobia can be disrupted by domestication evolution, despite importance of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. We aimed identify diff...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a bisexual and self-pollinated legume. It improves the soil fertility through its natural ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with symbiotic bacteria. Salinity one of most important abiotic stress factors affecting plant growth. γ-radiation very effective tool for inducing mutations in many plants. This study evaluated effect on germination, cell division growth...

the fungal disease, ascochyta blight, caused by ascochyta rabiei is a major yield limiting factor of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) in many countries, including iran. identification of resistance sources against races or pathotypes of the fungus causing this disease is required for breeding resistant chickpea cultivars. reaction of six selected genotypes of iranian chickpea collection was evalua...

Two field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of terminal drought on chickpea grown under water-limited conditions in the Mediterranean-climatic region of Western Australia. In the first experiment, five desi (small angular seeds) chickpeas and one kabuli ( large round seeds) chickpea were grown in the field with and without irrigation after flowering. In the second experime...