The antibacterial properties of human group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) against Gram-positive bacteria as a result of membrane hydrolysis have been reported. Using Micrococcus luteus as a model system, we demonstrate the very high specificity of this human enzyme for such hydrolysis compared with the group IB, IIE, IIF, V, and X human secreted phospholipase A(2)s. A unique feature of the gr...

The complex mass term of a quark does not violate time-reversal or parity in gravitational interactions, in spite of an axial anomaly. Time-reversal is known to be violated in the weak interactions. Mass terms q̄LMqR + ̄̃qLM̃q̃R+hc are generated for quarks q having charge + 2 3 and quarks q̃ having charge − 1 3 in the shape of complex matrices M, M̃ from electroweak symmetry breaking. On diagonalizati...

Symmetry properties of physical laws with respect to space-inversion, time-reversal and charge-conjugation are investigated in detail in the framework of the quantized 6eld theory. In most cases, the requirements of invariance for these transformations are automatically satisfied; in a few other cases they can impose certain conditions on the ways in which different types of interaction are to ...

The expression of a P-glycoprotein (Pgp1) cDNA encoding two amino acid substitutions in the sixth transmembrane domain of the protein (G338A339 to A338P339) confers a unique cross-resistance profile that displays preferential resistance to actinomycin D and diminished resistance to colchicine and daunorubicin. We report here that this multidrug-resistant phenotype is also insensitive to reversa...

We have directly observed reversal of the polarity of charged surfaces in water upon the addition of trivalent and quadrivalent ions using atomic force microscopy. The bulk concentration of multivalent ions at which charge inversion reversibly occurs depends only very weakly on the chemical composition, surface structure, size, and lipophilicity of the ions, but is very sensitive to their valen...

Nanomedicine which delivers therapeutics to tumours holds great potential for cancer treatment. However, endosomal trapping and uncontrollable release usually limit the efficiency of nanomedicine. Herein, a smart mesoporous silica based nanoplatform was constructed, in nanoparticles (MSNs) serve as core, capped with pH-induced charge-reversal polymer -PAH-cit- cationic polyelectrolyte polyethyl...

Benchmark quality geometries and interaction energies for the prereactive halogen-bonded complexes of dihalogens and ammonia, including hypothetical astatine containing dihalogens, have been produced via explicitly correlated coupled cluster methods. The application of local electron correlation partitioning reveals dispersion, electrostatics and ionic substitutions all contribute significantly...

Surface charge density and distribution dependence of a nanochannel electro-osmotic flow was examined using a molecular dynamics (MD) model. Systems consisting of Na and Cl− ions in water confined between crystalline walls with varying negative charge on inner surfaces in an external electric field were investigated. At low surface charge densities, water flows as expected by common interpretat...

Generalized parity (P), time-reversal (T ), and charge-conjugation (C) operators were initially defined in the study of the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We construct a concrete realization of these operators for Klein-Gordon fields and show that in this realization PT and C operators respectively correspond to the ordinary time-reversal and charge-grading operations. Furthermore, we present a...

The allosteric properties of hemoglobins, especially their responses to ligands other than oxygen, vary widely in different classes of vertebrates. Knowing the stereochemistry of the cooperative effects in human hemoglobin, one can infer the stereochemical basis of these variations from the changes in amino acid sequence. The results indicate that the tertiary and quaternary structures of deoxy...