Traps were used to quantify charcoal production and transport during three experimental forest fires in Boreal Scandinavia. The traps were spatially arranged to collect charcoal particles inside burn areas, and outside burn areas at different distances (0.1–100 m) from the fire edge. The number of inside and outside traps was 280 and 424, respectively. Trap area was 48 cm. After the burn, trap ...

Fire is the primary form of disturbance in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems. However, our knowledge of the biochemical mechanisms by which fire stimulates forest N cycling is incomplete. Charcoal is a major byproduct of forest fires and is ubiquitous in soils of most forest ecosystems, yet the biological function of charcoal in soils of forest ecosystems has been greatly overlooked. We co...

Heavy metals exist in the environment naturally aside those due to anthropogenic impact. These are removed from effluents and water using different techniques like adsorption, oxidation/reduction, chemical precipitation, membrane separation, filtration ion exchange. Biosorption is very effective because it highly renewed naturally, cheap, can remove greatly pollutant be recovered either by deso...

Charcoal burning has emerged as a novel suicide method in Taiwan and its impact on maternal filicide-suicide (MFS) remains unexplored. Using official national mortality data and reports of MFS cases from electronic newspaper archives, the authors aimed to examine whether the newly available charcoal burning was associated with an increase in MFS incidents during the period from 1999 to 2006. Th...

Yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) was chosen as the woody biomass for the production of charcoal for use in a liquid fuel slurry. Charcoal produced from this biomass resulted in a highly porous structure similar to the parent material. Micronized particles were produced from this charcoal using a multi-step milling process and verified using a scanning electron microscope and laser diffra...

The possibility to combine the track-etched CR-39 or Makrofol detectors with charcoal to increase the detector sensitivity was shown in the last years. Special requests are necessary in the case of a personal dosimeter when the detector must be active only during working activity. Regarding the combination of charcoal with TL detectors our preliminary investigations indicate that the TLD intens...

Benzene was assessed as the predominant aromatic compound emitted from glowing charcoal and firewood embers. Concentrations measured above charcoal used for grilling exceeded 10 mg m(-3) at a 5% carbon dioxide level. Charcoal with a high carbon content released less benzene. Glowing wood pellets emitted less benzene than glowing firewood remainders. The emissions of ethene and propene relative ...

We describe a new R package, paleofire, for analysis and synthesis of charcoal time series, such as those contained in the Global Charcoal Database (GCD), that are used to reconstruct paleofire activity (past biomass burning). paleofire is an initiative of the Global Paleofire Working Group core team (www. gpwg.org), whose aim is to encourage the use of sedimentary charcoal series to develop re...

Global biomass burning generates 40 million to 250 million tons of charcoal every year, part of which is preserved for millennia in soils and sediments. We have quantified dissolution products of charcoal in a wide range of rivers worldwide and show that globally, a major portion of the annual charcoal production is lost from soils via dissolution and subsequent transport to the ocean. The glob...

The fatty acid contents of 26 different serum albumin preparations representing different species and obtained from various commercial sources have been determined. Some samples had surprisingly little fatty acid contamination, but it was found that other samples contained between 2 and 3 moles of acid per mole of protein, in confirmation of earlier reports. Treatment of these samples with char...