this paper continues the investigation of the rst author begun in part one. the hereditary properties of n-homomorphism amenability for banach algebras are investigated and the relations between n-homomorphism amenability of a banach algebra and its ide- als are found. analogous to the character amenability, it is shown that the tensor product of two unital banach algebras is n-homomorphism am...

The Unicode Standard [UNICODE], and ISO/IEC 10646 [ISO-10646] jointly define a character set (hereafter referred to as Unicode) which encompasses most of the world’s writing systems. UTF-16, the object of this specification, is an encoding scheme of this character set that has the characteristics of encoding the vast majority of currently-defined characters in exactly two octets and of being ab...

Machine understanding of hand,filled documents in China, Japan and Korea requires not only general solutions of document analysis but also ability to handle peculiarities of the Oriental languages. As expected, handwritten Chinese character recognition is the major task for it. In addition, Japanese Kana, Korean Hangul, Roman alphabet as well as numerals are targets of recognition. The main dif...

The success rates of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems for printed Malayalam documents is quite impressive with the state of the art accuracy levels in the range of 85-95% for various. However for real applications, further enhancement of this accuracy levels are required. One of the bottle necks in further enhancement of the accuracy is identified as close-matching characters. In thi...

Most document recognition work to date has been performed on English text. Because of the large overlap of the character sets found in English and major Western European languages such as French and German, some extensions of the basic English capability to those languages have taken place. However, automatic language identification prior to optical character recognition is not commonly availab...

we say that a finite group $g$ is conjugacy expansive if for anynormal subset $s$ and any conjugacy class $c$ of $g$ the normalset $sc$ consists of at least as many conjugacy classes of $g$ as$s$ does. halasi, mar'oti, sidki, bezerra have shown that a groupis conjugacy expansive if and only if it is a direct product ofconjugacy expansive simple or abelian groups.by considering a character analo...

In this paper, we are presenting our work on the creation of the first optical character recognition (OCR) model for Northern Haida, also known as Masset or Xaad Kil, a nearly extinct First Nations language spoken in the Haida Gwaii archipelago in British Columbia, Canada. We are addressing the challenges of training an OCR model for a language with an extensive, non-standard Latin character se...

Until the rise of electronic means for direct debit, bank cheques have been used as the best form of payment, balancing security and ease of use. Its acceptance and generalized use are result of international agreements that define rules for filling and using it. The fast processing of payments and transactions through safer electronic methods has created the need to reduce its usage over the l...

the place and character are important factors of a novel. in fact place is a framework in which the events happen and is divided into two types: open & close. the character is a dynamic element in novel progression; while plays an important role in formation, evolution and presentation of the place related events. the character itself divides into different types which the present paper focuses...