This review evaluates the medical literature for religious rituals or ceremonies that have been reported to cause infection. These include an ultra-orthodox Jewish circumcision practice known as metzitzah b'peh, the Christian common communion chalice, Islamic ritual ablution, and the Hindu 'side-roll'. Infections associated with participation in the Islamic Hajj have been extensively reviewed a...

Chumash healing has been practiced in California for approximately 13 000 years. Chumash healers treat their patients with prayer, laughter, dreaming, phytotherapy, aromatherapy, healing ceremonies and other techniques. Healing involves first healing the spirit, then healing the body. Chumash people still maintain their unique identity. Chumash Healers still practice the ancient healing arts in...

The article offers a novel conceptual framework linking narrative, attention, immersion, and flow as antecedents of social legacy using examples polysemic events, such mega-event ceremonies. By doing this the uses multidisciplinary approach to conceptualize connection between narrative legacy, relationship currently overlooked. Through creation framework, we propose several key findings. First,...

the safavid dynasty's government, formally of shi'ism in iran, a new style called rozeh-khaany of mourning and religious representation with poems and texts related to an event of karbala to create tekyeh, there was a mosque and endowments. these rituals to gain legitimacy in the qajar period, was followed by severe and more widespread, in this time of mourning for the social class an...