Cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea due to clival fracture are rare. We present a case of bacterial meningitis with CSF rhinorrhea after a clival fracture. Heavily T2-weighted images showed a bone flap in the thinned clivus and fluid collection in the sphenoid sinus. CSF rhinorrhea developed at 1 month after mild trauma. The fracture may have been caused by the trauma and/or by the pr...

INTRODUCTION The management of posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea remains a clinical challenge. Cerebrospinal fistula is a dural defect responsible for possible CSF leakage into the contiguous air-filled cavities located at the skull base. The risk of central nervous system infection in these conditions is severe and can be life threatening. Consequently, a specific CSF biomark...

The study investigated whether evaporative water loss (EWL) in frogs stems from water diffusing through the skin or fluid secreted by mucous glands. Osmolality of cutaneous surface fluid (CSF) of Rana esculenta (Pelophylax kl. esculentus) subjected to isoproterenol or 30°C-34°C was 191±9.3 and 181±7.5 mosm/kg, respectively, as compared to lymph osmolality of, 249±10 mosm/kg. Cation concentratio...

BACKGROUND Human kallikrein 6 (hK6) is significantly increased in serum in many patients with ovarian cancer and may have a role in amyloid precursor processing and Alzheimer disease. The forms of hK6 in biological fluids are poorly characterized. METHODS hK6 protein was immunoaffinity-purified and positively identified by Western blotting, N-terminal sequencing, and mass spectrometry. hK6 in...

INTRODUCTION Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage is usually caused by developmental abnormalities and is rare, accounting for approximately 5% of the cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. To the best of our knowledge, clival dysplasia-caused CSF rhinorrhea has never been reported in the neurosurgical field. CONCLUSION Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is often treated by su...

This study is concerned with the mechanism of exchange of sodium between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Several workers (1, 2) have reported that there is no significant difference between the concentration of sodium in plasma and CSF. Merritt and Fremont-Smith (3) reported that the average concentration of sodium in CSF, in man, exceeded the plasma concentration by about four mEq. Davso...

BACKGROUND The standard procedure for the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections consists of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling, which is usually accomplished by a lumbar puncture. However, in some patients presenting with acute hydrocephalus submitted to immediate CSF drainage, the fluid is customarily obtained from the placed draining system. In addition, the CSF obtained from t...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsations have been proposed as a possible causative mechanism for the ventricular enlargement that characterizes the neurological condition known as hydrocephalus. This paper summarizes recent work by the authors to anaylze the effect of CSF pulsations on brain tissue to determine if they are mechanically capable of enlarging the cerebral ventricles. First a poroelas...