The neurological mutation weaver is characterized by defects in granule cell migration along Bergmann glial processes and by subsequent death and disposition of granule cells. Immunocytochemical localization of antisera raised against purified glial filament protein (AbGF) and transmission electron microscopy were used to visualize specific associations between granule neurons and astroglia in ...

The rapid growth of cerebellar research is going to clarify several aspects of cellular and circuit physiology. However, the concepts about cerebellar mechanisms of function are still largely related to clinical observations and to models elaborated before the last discoveries appeared. In this paper, the major issues are revisited, suggesting that previous concepts can now be refined and modif...

objective: chlorpyrifos (cpf) is a neurotoxic organophosphorus (op) insecticide. its mechanism of action includes oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (ache). the aim of the present study is to investigate cpf toxicity in mature and immature cerebellar granule neurons (cgns), as well as its effect on glutamate induced excitotoxicity. materials and ...

The role of the matrix glycoprotein fibronectin in the formation of the external granular layer of the developing mouse cerebellum was investigated by in vitro studies of the binding of cerebellar cells to a fibronectin-coated culture substratum and by in vivo immunocytochemical localization of antiplasma fibronectin antiserum in cerebellar tissue. The adhesion of cells dissociated from embryon...

Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mental retardation, epilepsy and hamartomatous growth in many tissues. The gene (TSC2) encoding a tumor suppressor protein whose mutations cause TSC, has been demonstrated to be expressed at high levels in the adult and developing brain, raising the question of whether or not the TSC2 gene product has unique roles in di...

A polymerase chain reaction strategy was devised to identify new members of the mammalian myosin I family of actin-based motors. Using cellular RNA from mouse granular neurons and PC12 cells, we have cloned and sequenced three 1.2-kb polymerase chain reaction products that correspond to novel mammalian myosin I genes designated MMI alpha, MMI beta, MMI gamma. The pattern of expression for each ...

Understanding how neurons encode information in sequences of action potentials is of fundamental importance to neuroscience. The cerebellum is widely recognized for its involvement in the coordination of movements, which requires muscle activation patterns to be controlled with millisecond precision. Understanding how cerebellar neurons accomplish such high temporal precision is critical to und...

A 10-month-old spayed female Cane Corso dog was evaluated after a 2-month history of progressive blindness, ataxia, and lethargy. Neurologic examination abnormalities indicated a multifocal lesion with primarily cerebral and cerebellar signs. Clinical worsening resulted in humane euthanasia. On necropsy, there was marked astrogliosis throughout white matter tracts of the cerebrum, most prominen...

Primary cultures of granule cells (GC) from rat cerebellar cortex were used to determine whether bioelectric activity, via a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling cascade, modulates expression and exon selection in the inositol trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP(3)R1). IP(3)R1 contains or lacks three exons (S1, S2, and S3) that are regulated in a regionally and temporally specific ...

Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common and most disabling movement disorders among adults. The drug treatment of ET remains unsatisfactory. Additional therapies are required for patients with inadequate response or intolerable side effects. The current study aims to investigate the anti-tremogenic and neuroprotective effects of memantine (NMDA receptor antagonist) on the harmaline mode...