background:modafinil, a non-amphetamine central nervous system stimulant, is a wakefulness-promoting agent indicated for use in shift work sleep disorder, narcolepsy, and obstructive sleep apnea. the trend in modafinil overexposure over a ten-year period and the population likely to experience a resulting clinical effect is evaluated. methods: using data from the american association of poison ...

since its first description of botulism toxicity in 1820s, specific formulations of botulinum neurotoxin (bont) have been introduced with different clinical benefits. however, there is increasing number of adverse events reported to food and drug administration. this report presents the case of 62-year-old woman with parkinson’s disease who received bont injections to treat painful spasticity i...

introduction rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is a progressive angioinvasive fungal disorder which almost always complicates immunocompromised patients. case presentation we described a case of fulminant rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in a 65-year-old woman, who presented with progressive neurological deficits due to involvement of orbital apex and the central nervous system by local inva...

background and objectives: multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. this is due to migration of peripherally activated lymphocytes to central nervous system leading to inflammatory lesions. however, liver has an anti-inflammatory microenvironment. myelin expression in the liver of transgenic mice suppresses inflammatory lesions within central nervous system. ...