In this research article, you will read that both parties of the agreement, Afghanistan and Pakistan, believe good relations between two countries can be a means resolving many issues, including trade transit. Afghan businessmen, government officials general people as well Pakistanis hope with each other resolve problems Pakistani businessmen benefit countries. Trade transit solved by strengthe...

this research seeks to study the impact of pan-turkist ideology on central asia. the collapse of the soviet :union: and independence of the central asian and caucasian states once again revitalized hopes among the pan-turkist theoreticians and strategists who were hopeless about the implementation of their project of establishing a turkic empire in the southern parts of the soviet :union:. cons...

following the collapse of the soviet :union: and independence of former soviet :union:republics, previous economic relations among centralasianrepublics changed and were replaced with the market economy. tensions have emerged between upstream and downstream countries located along transboundary rivers with downstream countries even resorting to threat of military action against possible restric...

Central Asia is one of the regions that suffer the most prominent transboundary water and energy problems in the world. Effective transboundary water-energy resource management and cooperation are closely related with socioeconomic development and stability in the entire Central Asia. Similar to Central Asia, Northwest China has an arid climate and is experiencing a water shortage. It is now fa...

В современном мире актуальным является вопрос, касающийся жизни религиозных меньшинств в тех или иных странах. Проблема их нормальной и функционирования, как правило, зависит от многих факторов прямого, так косвенного характера. Сегодня, например, зафиксированы случаи прямой дискриминации отношении христиан на территории стран Ближнего Востока. Однако следует отметить, что Конституции большинст...

The article examines the role and influence of Russian Federation in integration processes Central Asian region between five countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan Uzbekistan. It is worth emphasizing that state all its hypostases (the Empire USSR) from first days conquest territories Asia was guided by a strategy aimed at uniting entire into single political administrative ...

BACKGROUND The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 resulted in a transition from centrally planned socialist systems to largely free-market systems for post-Soviet states. The health systems of Central Asian Post-Soviet (CAPS) countries (Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) have undergone a profound revolution. External development partners have been crucial to this ...

It is estimated globally 3.2 million children were living with HIV in 2014, that mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the majority of them infected to HIV from their mothers during pregnancy, during delivery or breastfeeding (1). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) use during and after pregnancy is essential for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV (2).  In the absence of any in...