Cellulose is the most familiar and most abundant strong biopolymer, but the reasons for its outstanding mechanical performance are not well understood. Each glucose unit in a cellulose chain is joined to the next by a covalent C-O-C linkage flanked by two hydrogen bonds. This geometry suggests some form of cooperativity between covalent and hydrogen bonding. Using infrared spectroscopy and X-ra...

There has been an increasing interest in research on using bio-renewable polymers as a replacement to traditional synthetic based petroleum resources for adhesive applications. Cellulose, which is the most abundant biopolymer finds application reinforcing agent conventional adhesives. However, natural polymer cellulose suffers from few drawbacks like poor water resistance, low mechanical streng...

The integration of living, human smooth muscle cells in biosynthesized cellulose scaffolds was monitored by nonlinear microscopy toward contractile artificial blood vessels. Combined coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy was applied for studies of the cell interaction with the biopolymer network. CARS microscopy probing CH(2)-groups at 2845...

Lignocellulose is a renewable organic material and major structural component of all plants. Lignocellulose consists of three major components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In addition, small amounts of other materials such as ash, proteins and pectin found in lignocellulosic residues in different degrees based on the source (Sanchez et al., 2009). Cellulose is major constituent of all ...

Most of the artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that have been fabricated to date are not biodegradable, renewable, or mechanically flexible and are often expensive, which limits their potential applications. In contrast, cellulose, a biodegradable, renewable, flexible, inexpensive, biopolymer which is abundantly present in nature, satisfies all the above requirements, but it is not superhydro...

Background Cellulose is an important biopolymer produced by all plants and is used in a number of different industries, including for pulp and paper production. Cellulose is deposited into the plant cell wall by a large membranebound protein complex, which is composed of different cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins. The cellulose content and pattern of deposition in plant cell walls is highly v...

Biodegradable textiles made from cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer, have gained attention researchers, due to ease with which cellulose can be chemically modified introduce multifunctional groups, and because of its renewable biodegradable nature. One attractive features required for civilian military applications is flame-retardancy. This review focuses on various methods employed fabric...

Cellulose is the most abundant and renewable natural semi-crystalline polysaccharide. This biopolymer an inexhaustible source of fibers (NFs), valuable raw material for production microparticles microcrystalline (MCC) powdered cellulose (PC), as well other micro-products, which are widely used in biomedicine, food additives, plastics, materials. In addition, has a nano-fibrillar architecture th...

This study presents a new method to remove lignin from wheat straw (lignocellulosic) using the ozonation technique. Lignocellulosic material is complex biopolymer composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Apart lignin, which acts as chemical resistant, lignocellulosic main resource cellulose sugars. The reaction takes place in two-phase solid–gas fluidization stainless steel reactor. foc...

Electrocardiography is one of the most significant technologies for detecting cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, problems various electrodes still meet a great challenge. Herein, we design low cost, environmentally friendly and flexible conductive electrode using cellulose polyvinyl alcohol as substrate assembled with polymer polythiophene by in situ oxidative polymerization, green solvent 1-bu...