CD1 proteins constitute a distinct lineage of antigen-presenting molecules specialized for the presentation of lipid antigens to T cells. In contrast to the extensive sequence polymorphism characteristic of classical MHC molecules, CD1 proteins exhibit limited sequence diversity. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of CD1d alleles in wild-derived mouse strains. We demonstr...

CD1 molecules are glycoproteins that present lipid antigens at the cell surface for immunological recognition by specialized populations of T lymphocytes. Prior experimental data suggest a wide variety of lipid species can bind to CD1 molecules, but little is known about the characteristics of cellular ligands that are selected for presentation. Here we have molecularly characterized lipids bou...

OBJECTIVE CD1 molecules present microbial and self glycolipid antigens to a defined T cell subset with features of natural killer cells. CD1 molecules are up-regulated by inflammatory stimuli such as GM-CSF, and we would expect to find increased CD1 expression in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as compared to osteoarthritis (OA). This study was initiated to compare the d...

Traditionally, the materials which are regarded as antigens recognized by γδ T lymphocytes are protein and carbohydrate, not nucleic acid or lipid. Recently, it has been demonstrated that γδ T cells can recognize lipid A and directly induce immune responses that involve CD1 (cluster of differentiation type 1) family and Toll like receptors (TLRs). This is a review about the interacting-mechanis...

Nonpeptide antigens (including glycolipids of microbial origin) can be presented to T cells by CD1 molecules expressed on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. These HLA unrestricted responses appear to play a role in host immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other pathogenic bacteria. It is known that vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has limited effica...

Two types of photocatalysts, 1%Pt/Cd1?xZnxS/g-C3N4 (x = 0.2–0.3) and Cd1?xZnxS/1%Pt/g-C3N4 0.2–0.3), were synthesized by varying the deposition order platinum, a solid solution cadmium zinc sulfides onto surface g-C3N4. The characterization photocatalysts showed that, for 1%Pt/Cd1?xZnxS/g-C3N4, small platinum particles deposited sulfides; in case Cd1?xZnxS/1%Pt/g-C3N4, enlarged clusters located...

Abstract T-cells are a critical facet of the adaptive immune system and have been shown in both human animal studies to be essential for control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. recognize foreign antigens presented by infected cells via unique T-cell receptor (TCR). Understanding specific TCRs that mediate recognition clearance Mtb-infected is inform vaccine design. We recently descr...