We present a deterministic scheme for generating large-scale atomic W states in a cavity QED system via a simple expansion mechanism, which is realized only by a detuned interaction between two identical atoms and a vacuum cavity mode. With the presented scheme, a W-type Bell pair can be created and an n-atom W state can be expanded to a 2n-atom W state with a unit probability of success in pri...

In this paper, a hybrid sensor was fabricated using a IR-femtosecond laser to measure the thermal expansion and thermo-optical coefficient of silica-based fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The hybrid sensor was composed of an inline fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) cavity and a type-II FBG. Experiment results showed that the type-II FBG had three high reflectivity resonances in the wavelength...

The design of shallow foundations is dominated by issues of settlement, rather than by bearing capacity per-se. The ability to predict the settlement of foundations at a given factor of safety is hence of key importance in design. In this paper, the energy method for a linear-elastic perfectly plastic method utilizing the von Mises’ yield criterion with associated flow developed by McMahon et a...

Steam flooding is crucial for the development of heavy oil reservoirs, and steam cavity significantly determines efficiency flooding. Previous studies have elucidated concept overburden pseudomobility ratio; however, thermal energy loss in deep reservoirs during injection needs further investigation. Therefore, this study, vapour–liquid interface theory mathematical integration were used to est...