BACKGROUND Mild-hyperthermia therapy (40-45 °C) with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a technique being considered in a number of different treatments such as thermally activated drug delivery, immune-stimulation, and as a chemotherapy adjuvant. Mechanical damage and loss of cell viability associated with HIFU-induced acoustic cavitation may pose a risk during these treatments or may...

Thermal ablation by High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is the only technique for noninvasive treatment of tumours, but suffers from a long treatment times and varied treatment outcomes. Knowledge of the nonlinear parameter B/A can resolve these by improving treatment planning, and correlation between enhanced nonlinear signals and the presence of HIFU lesions has the potential to monitor ...

Objective The objective of this study was to describe the initial stage of a generalized theory of high-velocity, low-amplitude thrust (HVLAT) techniques for joint manipulation. Methods This study examined the movements described by authors from the fields of osteopathy, chiropractic, and physical therapy to produce joint cavitation in both the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and the cervical...

The cavitation rheology technique extracts soft materials mechanical properties through pressure-monitored fluid injection. Properties are calculated from the system's response at a critical pressure that is governed by either elasticity or fracture (or both); however previous elementary analysis has not been capable of accurately determining which mechanism is dominant. We combine analyses of ...

The phenomenon of cavitation is widely experienced in both pumps and under-water components of hydro power plants. The mechanism of material damage during cavitation is mainly attributed to implosion of high velocity bubbles on to the surface giving raise to local increase in stresses in excess of 1.4 GPa. In addition, material wastage due to particle induced erosion is observed in hydro plants...

Focused ultrasound in conjunction with lipid microbubbles has fully demonstrated its ability to induce non-invasive, transient, and reversible blood-brain barrier opening. This study was aimed at testing the feasibility of our lipid-coated microbubbles as a vector for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. These microbubbles were labeled with the fluorophore...

The bubbles that form in a cavitating liquid are mostly empty voids that can accelerate the surrounding fluid to very high speeds, in some cases focusing the liquid flow into needle thin jets. The military, for example, harnesses this effect to penetrate and sink large vessels with the huge cavitation bubble created with an underwater explosion. Now, a miniaturized (and more peaceful) version o...

The objective of this study is to investigate the collapsing behavior cavitation, which leads erosion material. An experimental examination was conducted in a channel with semi-circular cylinder obstacle, serves as “vortex cavity” generator. Cavitation achieved by employing range pressure differences over test section and high-speed camera used observe cavitation behavior. flow field behind inv...

Acoustic emissions are frequently used in material sciences and engineering applications for structural health monitoring. It is known that plants also emit acoustic emissions, and their application in plant sciences is rapidly increasing, especially to investigate drought-induced plant stress. Vulnerability to drought-induced cavitation is a key trait of plant water relations, and contains val...