Cavitation has been investigated in directional control valves in order to identify damage mechanisms characteristic of components o f aircraft hydraulic systems. Tests have been conducted in a representative metal spool valve and in a model three times larger. Data taken under noncavitating conditions with both valves showed that the position of the high-velocity annular jet shifts orientation...

Cavitation, the nucleation of vapour in liquids, is ubiquitous in fluid dynamics, and is often implicated in a myriad of industrial and biomedical applications. Although extensively studied in isotropic liquids, corresponding investigations in anisotropic liquids are largely lacking. Here, by combining liquid crystal microfluidic experiments, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and th...

The flow induced by a single laser-induced cavitation bubble is used to manipulate individual Co nanowires. The short-lived (<20 μs) bubble with a maximum size of 45 μm is created in an aqueous solution with a laser pulse. Translation, rotation, and radial motion of the nanowire can be selectively achieved by varying the initial distance and orientation of the bubble with respect to the nanowir...

We demonstrate the stochastic nature of cavitation in a binary metallic liquid Cu46Zr54 during hydrostatic expansion by employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a quantum mechanics (QM)-derived potential. The activation volume is obtained from MD simulations and transition-state theory. Extrapolation of the pressure dependence of the activation volume from our MD simulations to low t...

The differential diagnosis of pulmonary cavitation is broad. The most common causes include infection and malignancy. Pulmonary thromboembolism is a common problem worldwide, with an estimated 650,000 cases in the United States annually. Pulmonary embolism does not usually lead to cavitation, given the dual blood supply of the lung; however, cavitation may complicate 4–7% of all pulmonary infar...

The use of focused ultrasound (FUS) with microbubbles has been proven to induce transient blood-brain barrier opening (BBB-opening). However, FUS-induced inertial cavitation of microbubbles can also result in erythrocyte extravasations. Here we investigated whether induction of submicron bubbles to oscillate at their resonant frequency would reduce inertial cavitation during BBB-opening and the...

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extensive stromal desmoplasia, which decreases blood perfusion and impedes chemotherapy delivery. Breaking the stromal barrier could both increase perfusion and permeabilize the tumor, enhancing chemotherapy penetration. Mechanical disruption of the stroma can be achieved using ultrasound-induced bubble activity-cavitation. Cavitation is also known to resul...

Gassy and degassed aqueous solutions of DNA were treated ultrasonically while monitoring the field for discrate cavitation events. At irradiation intensities greater than about 500 W/cm 2, transient cavitation is shown to be responsible forthe observed reduction i molecular weight. At intensifies of200 to 288 W/cm 2, degradation of DNA was observed which did not depend upon transient cavitation.

Purpose: Purpose of this paper is attempt explanation how laser beam processing influence on the cavitation performance of the Fe-Cr-Mn and Fe-Cr-Co alloys. This kind of alloys are frequently used in Polish power plants to routine repairs of damaged blades working under cavitation loading. Design/methodology/approach: Padding welds of investigated alloys were tested for three cases: after laser...

Variation in intensity of scattered light from cavitation bubbles in an ultrasonic standing wave field at different contents of dissolved air is studied experimentally. The number of cavitation bubbles that repeat expansion and contraction correlates with the sonochemical reaction yield and the evaluation of the number of bubbles is important for perspective on the yield. Peak-to-peak of intens...