A literature search identified 9 previously published cases that were considered as possible cases of catatonia secondary to sudden clozapine withdrawal. Two of these 9 cases did not provide enough information to make a diagnosis of catatonia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The Liverpool Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Causality Scale was modified to assess ...

BACKGROUND Periodic catatonia has long been a challenging diagnosis and there are no absolute guidelines for treatment when precipitating factors are also unclear. We report a schizophrenia patient with periodic catatonia with a 15-year treatment course. A possible correlation between decreased daylight exposure and periodic attacks has been observed. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a 49-year-o...

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical profile and pattern of catatonic symptoms of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder. METHOD Records of 13,968 patients seen between 1983-1985 and 2003-2005 were reviewed for symptoms of catatonia by resident doctors in psychiatry. Cases in which the diagnosis were schizophrenia or mood disorder were then noted. Socio-demographic and clinical features w...

AIM To compare the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with risperidone in the treatment of lorazepam non-responsive catatonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inpatients with non-affective catatonia (n= 18) non-responsive to at least five-day trial of lorazepam (6-8 mg/day) were randomised into two groups in a double blind randomised design. Written informed consent was obtained. Four were dro...

Tardive dystonia (TD) is a movement disorder dominated by involuntary muscle contractions associated with prolonged exposure to neuroleptics. We are reporting a unique case of Olanzapine induced TD which presented along with catatonia. Both the disorders showed significant improvement with Clozapine. We recommend use of Clozapine for the management of cases of TD with catatonia.

Catatonia is oily a clinical diagnosis with a variety of possible aetiological conditions. Among the many neuropsychiatric disorders in renal failure, catatonia is one which has not been established well. The authors report two cases in which despite strong evidence for primary psychiatric disorder, on investigation the catatonic state was found to be associated with ureaemic encephalopathy.

BACKGROUND Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome with motor and behavioural symptoms. Though usually occurring in patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders, this syndrome may also be associated with neurological diseases or general medical conditions. Few cases of catatonia associated with autoimmune disorders have been described. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report the case of a 27-yea...

BACKGROUND Catatonia has risks of severe morbidity and mortality and needs early treatment. In this study, we investigated more patients to discuss the efficacy of this treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar I disorder (BPI). METHODS During a period of 9 years, we identified 12 catatonic patients with mood disorder, with MDD (n = 10) and BPI (n = 2) in the emerg...

We report a case of recurrent mania who developed catatonia and was found to be markedly hyponatraemia. The catatonic symptoms showed rapid resolution following correction of hyponatraemia suggesting a causal link between the two. It is suggested that the estimation of serum electrolyte levels should be an important part of the evaluation of cases of catatonia.