1.1 History and prevalance According to a revised definition introduced by the International Conference on Sarcoidosis in 1975, sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, most often affecting young adults, in which patients present with hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltration, and skin or eye lesions. This definition has been the most accepted till date, alth...

A 36-week-pregnant woman developed a symptomatic hydrocephalus. Chest imaging showed bihilar lymphadenopathy and histological examination of a mediastinal lymph node revealed non-caseating granulomas. After delivery, her neurologic complaints progressed. Placement of a ventriculoperitoneal drain (VPD) did not reduce the symptoms. However, steroids resulted in rapid disappearance of the hydrocep...

A case of rather typical Crohn's disease in a 10 year old girl is described. She had suffered from intractable abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever for 1 year. Eventual right hemicolectomy revealed diffuse involvement of terminal ileum, cecum and ascending colon by confluent ulcerations and transmural inflammation. Histologically there were numerous well developed non-caseating granulomas scatter...

Abdominal tuberculosis is a common clinical entity in Indian subcontinent; however, hepatic tuberculosis in the absence of miliary abdominal tuberculosis is restricted to the case reports and small case series in English literature. It mimics common liver diseases like liver abscess and tumors. We report a case of 25-year-old immunocompetent female who presented with features of acute liver fai...

Background Sarcoidosis incidence is approximately 1:135,000 Americans. Cardiac involvement triggers multiple conduction disturbances, the most severe being complete heart block and VT/VF. Non-caseating granulomas have been found in the myocardium in up to 50% of the cases of fatal sarcoidosis, and 67% of patients that died from cardiac causes had myocardial involvement. Late gadolinium enhancem...

s: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that predominantly affects the lungs and intra-thoracic lymph nodes. Sarcoidosis is manifested by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in affected organs and tissues. Although the condition has been identified as a specific disease entity for more than a century, the exact etiology of it is still unknown. The present r...

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory intestinal disease that primarily causes abdominal pain and diarrhea. We report a male patient who presented with penile and scrotal lymphedema and inguinal fistulas as the first manifestations of Crohn's disease. Extraintestinal or metastatic Crohn's disease initially presenting as genital lymphedema with fistula formation is rare. Skin lesions in extraintest...

Symptomatic respiratory tract involvement with granulomatous bronchial lesions has not yet been described in Crohn's disease. We report two patients with colonic Crohn's disease and severe respiratory symptoms (dyspnoea associated in one of the patients with voicelessness); erythema, aphthoid and superficial ulcerations were found in the colon and whitish granulations in the bronchi at endoscop...

We report a rare manifestation of tuberculosis of the prostate and seminal vesicles without involvement of the rest of the genito-urinary tract. A 27-year-old male initially presented with clinical and laboratory evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Two weeks later, the patient developed dysuria. Ultrasound abdomen showed an enlarged prostate and seminal vesicles with irregular hypoechoic areas ...