This study was carried out to assess the potential non-carcinogenic health risk of the exposure of children and adults population of Sagamu, southwest Nigeria to heavy metal contamination through soil ingestion pathway. Twenty (20) soil samples were collected randomly between August and October, 2011; wet-digested and analyzed for Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd and Zn by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Do...

An integrated risk assessment study has been performed in an area within 5 km from a landfill that accepts non hazardous waste. The risk assessment was based on measured emissions and maximum chronic population exposure, for both children and adults, to contaminated air, some foods and soil. The toxic effects assessed were limited to the main known carcinogenic compounds emitted from landfills ...

Animal models have been used for a number of purposes in metal carcinogenesis studies: (a) to detect carcinogenic activity; (b) to estimate carcinogenic risk; and (c) to investigate mechanisms of metal carcinogenesis. The design of animal tests will be determined by the purpose of the study. In this section we shall distinguish between tests in animals designed to identify carcinogenic activity...

Abstract Potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution in farmland soil is a global problem. It vital to clarify the contributions of PTE from different sources potential ecological risk (PER) and human health risks (HHR), but existing research methods were incomplete. This study explored comprehensive scheme that combined source contribution assessment quantitatively assess PER, HHR priority sourc...

OBJECTIVE To investigate frequency and risk factors for prevalent, incident, and persistent carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) in young women before the introduction of immunisation against HPV types 16 and 18 for schoolgirls. DESIGN Cohort study SETTING 20 London universities and further education colleges. PARTICIPANTS 2185 sexually active female students, mean age 21 years (range ...