The introduction of insulin analogs in clinical practice suggests updating therapeutic schemes in subjects with type 1 diabetes. We read with interest the recent article by Alemzadeh et al. (1), which was designed to determine the feasibility of a flexible multiple daily insulin regimen in preschool children. Rapid-acting insulin analogs offer unquestionable advantages due to their pharmacokine...

background: amiodarone is a drug that is used for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia after cardiac ischemia. this drug as b blocker decreases arrhythmia rate but it has many side effects on different tissues. since there are rare reports about changes of lacrimal glands, this research has been carried out to study the morphological and ultrastructural changes of lacrimal gland cells after amiodaro...

OBJECTIVE Medical nutritional therapy is important for glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Carbohydrate (carb) counting, which is a more flexible nutritional method, has become popular in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the effects of carb counting on metabolic control, body measurements and serum lipid levels in children and adolesce...

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the leading chronic diseases in children and represents 5 to 10% of all diabetes cases. The International Diabetes Federation’s atlas described T1D’s incidence in people under 15 yrs. old in the world: the major incidence was found in Finland with 57.6 new cases in 100,000 inhabitants. In Brazil, the incidence is 10.4 cases in 100,000 inhabitants. I...

OBJECTIVE Current guidelines for intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes base the mealtime insulin bolus calculation exclusively on carbohydrate counting. There is strong evidence that free fatty acids impair insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that patients with type 1 diabetes would require more insulin coverage for higher-fat meals than lower-fat meals with identical carbohydrate content. ...